Aquino Dorlene Maria Cardoso de, Caldas Arlene de Jesus Mendes, da Silva Antônio Augusto Moura, Costa Jackson Maurício Lopes
Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2003 Jan-Feb;36(1):57-64. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822003000100009. Epub 2003 Apr 22.
An epidemiological cross-sectional study of 207 patients with leprosy disease, was undertaken between August 1998 to november 2000, aiming at evaluating the socioeconomic, demographic and ambiental profiles of the patients as well as physical incapacity due to the disease. The study was performed in the municipality of Buriticupu-Maranh o state, a hiperendemic leprosy area in the Amazonian Maranh o. The level of incapacity was assessed from parameters established by the Brazilian Health Minister. The clinical evaluation and the results of the physical tests were registered in a standardized form. It was observed a predominance of married people (45,9%), with low level of education (56%), being lend workers (40,1%), with familiar income to the minimum wage (76,3%), aged from 14 to 44 years (63,3%), males (60,9%) and brown (67,6%); 44% living in mud huts, 82,6% deposited their excrements in cesspits and 63,8% do not treat the drinking water, 58% utilized well-water and 51,7% do not use treated water for ingestion. The most affected segments of the body were the feet (62,3%), eyes (51,2%) end hands (7,2%), being the higher percentage of physical incapacitaties found among the patients bearing the borderline form of the disease (93%) mainly hands and feet, and in the virchowian form greatest frequency of eyes incapacities. It is concluded that the hyperendemicity associated with the precarious socioeconomic conditions and with a high level of physical incapacities may be involved with the living quality of the patients.
1998年8月至2000年11月期间，对207例麻风病患者进行了一项流行病学横断面研究，旨在评估患者的社会经济、人口统计学和环境特征以及该疾病导致的身体残疾情况。该研究在马拉尼昂州布里蒂库普市进行，该市是亚马孙地区马拉尼昂州麻风病高发区。根据巴西卫生部长确定的参数评估残疾程度。临床评估和身体检查结果以标准化表格记录。结果发现，已婚者占多数（45.9%），教育程度低（56%），从事体力劳动者（40.1%），家庭收入相当于最低工资（76.3%），年龄在14至44岁之间（63.3%），男性（60.9%），肤色为棕色（67.6%）；44%居住在泥屋里，82.6%将粪便排入污水坑，63.8%不处理饮用水，58%使用井水，51.7%不使用经过处理的水饮用。身体受影响最严重的部位是足部（62.3%）、眼睛（51.2%）和手部（7.2%），在患有界线类麻风病的患者中身体残疾比例最高（93%），主要是手部和足部，而在瘤型麻风病患者中眼睛残疾的发生率最高。研究得出结论，麻风病高发与社会经济条件不稳定以及身体残疾程度高可能影响患者的生活质量。
