Bräuer Anja U, Savaskan Nicolai E, Kühn Hartmut, Prehn Siegfried, Ninnemann Olaf, Nitsch Robert
Institute of Anatomy, Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Philippstr. 12, Humboldt University Medical School Charité, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
Nat Neurosci. 2003 Jun;6(6):572-8. doi: 10.1038/nn1052.
Outgrowth of axons in the central nervous system is governed by specific molecular cues. Molecules detected so far act as ligands that bind to specific receptors. Here, we report a new membrane-associated lipid phosphate phosphatase that we have named plasticity-related gene 1 (PRG-1), which facilitates axonal outgrowth during development and regenerative sprouting. PRG-1 is specifically expressed in neurons and is located in the membranes of outgrowing axons. There, it acts as an ecto-enzyme and attenuates phospholipid-induced axon collapse in neurons and facilitates outgrowth in the hippocampus. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism by which axons are able to control phospholipid-mediated signaling and overcome the growth-inhibiting, phospholipid-rich environment of the extracellular space.
中枢神经系统中轴突的生长受特定分子信号的调控。迄今为止所检测到的分子作为配体与特定受体结合。在此，我们报告了一种新的膜相关脂质磷酸酶，我们将其命名为可塑性相关基因1（PRG - 1），它在发育和再生性芽生过程中促进轴突生长。PRG - 1在神经元中特异性表达，位于生长中轴突的膜上。在那里，它作为一种胞外酶发挥作用，减弱磷脂诱导的神经元轴突塌陷，并促进海马体中的轴突生长。因此，我们提出了一种新机制，通过该机制轴突能够控制磷脂介导的信号传导，并克服细胞外空间中富含磷脂的生长抑制环境。
