Bridges Elizabeth J, Schmelz Joseph O, Mazer Stephen
59th Clinical Research Squadron, 1255 Wilford Hall Loop, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX 78236, USA.
Mil Med. 2003 Apr;168(4):280-6.
The NATO litter serves as a transport device and hospital bed during all types of operations. Little is known about the skin interface pressure on this litter. The purpose of this study was to determine whether various types of padding on the litter and body position affect the peak skin interface pressure and the total body area exposed to interface pressures above 30 mm Hg at different body areas. Thirty-two subjects participated. A repeated measures design was used. The surface effect was statistically significant for all peak pressure and surface area analyses (repeated-measures analysis of variance, p < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in peak pressure and surface area between the litter and litter plus aeromedical evacuation mattress. The addition of the blanket did not significantly reduce pressures and should not be considered a pressure-reducing measure. Conversely, an aeromedical evacuation mattress should be used for all high-risk patients if feasible. Preventive measures (turning, elevating the heels) are still required.
北约担架在各类行动中可作为运输工具和病床使用。关于该担架上皮肤界面压力的情况鲜为人知。本研究的目的是确定担架上不同类型的衬垫和身体姿势是否会影响峰值皮肤界面压力以及不同身体部位暴露于30毫米汞柱以上界面压力的全身面积。32名受试者参与了研究。采用了重复测量设计。对于所有峰值压力和表面积分析，表面效应具有统计学意义（重复测量方差分析，p<0.01）。担架与加了航空医疗后送床垫的担架相比，峰值压力和表面积有显著降低。添加毯子并不能显著降低压力，不应将其视为减压措施。相反，如果可行，应将航空医疗后送床垫用于所有高危患者。仍需采取预防措施（翻身、抬高足跟）。
