Nicholas Lisa, Roberts David C K, Pond Dimity
University of Newcastle, Newbolds Building, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2003;12(1):3-8.
There is mounting evidence that nutrition plays an important role in the aetiology and management of many diseases affecting Australians. Nutrition counselling provides a strategy for not only reducing patient suffering, but also for reducing the health care costs associated with these illnesses. At the forefront of providing nutrition counselling to Australians are General Practitioners (GPs) and Dietitians. Australian data shows that GPs encounter many patients with the chronic diseases that have nutrition in their aetiology and management. Although this presents opportunities to provide nutrition counselling, overseas literature suggests that often nutrition counselling opportunities are not taken up. At present, there is little evidence to support whether this problem exists in Australia, or the magnitude of the problem. Whilst evidence suggests there are barriers for GPs in providing nutrition counselling, there is conflicting evidence on how these influence the GP's decision to provide such counselling. Overseas studies have also identified barriers for GPs to refer to dietitians to provide nutrition counselling, however there is no evidence to identify whether these barriers exist in Australia. Whilst various strategies have been implemented to aid in the provision of effective nutrition management to the Australian public, there is little evidence on the efficacy of these. Research is needed in the above areas if effective patient nutrition management is to be implemented in Australia.
越来越多的证据表明，营养在影响澳大利亚人的许多疾病的病因和管理中起着重要作用。营养咨询不仅为减轻患者痛苦提供了一种策略，也为降低与这些疾病相关的医疗保健成本提供了策略。为澳大利亚人提供营养咨询的前沿力量是全科医生（GP）和营养师。澳大利亚的数据显示，全科医生会遇到许多患有病因和管理与营养有关的慢性病的患者。虽然这提供了提供营养咨询的机会，但海外文献表明，营养咨询的机会往往没有被利用。目前，几乎没有证据支持澳大利亚是否存在这个问题，以及该问题的严重程度。虽然有证据表明全科医生在提供营养咨询方面存在障碍，但关于这些障碍如何影响全科医生提供此类咨询的决定，证据相互矛盾。海外研究还确定了全科医生转介营养师提供营养咨询的障碍，然而没有证据表明这些障碍在澳大利亚是否存在。虽然已经实施了各种策略来帮助为澳大利亚公众提供有效的营养管理，但关于这些策略的效果几乎没有证据。如果要在澳大利亚实施有效的患者营养管理，上述领域需要进行研究。
