Principi Nicola, Esposito Susanna
Paediatric Department I, University of Milan, Via Commenda 9, 20122 Milano, Italy.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2003 May;4(5):761-77. doi: 10.1517/14656566.4.5.761.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most frequent infections in childhood but it is not easy to establish a rational therapeutic approach for a number of reasons, including difficulties in identifying the aetiology, the fact that the most frequent bacterial pathogens become resistant to commonly used antibiotics and the lack of certain information concerning the possible preventive role of conjugate vaccines. This leads paediatricians to treat almost all cases of CAP with antibiotics, often using a combination of different antimicrobial classes. In order to avoid unnecessary antibiotic use and limit the spread of antibiotic resistance, consensus guidelines for the management of CAP in childhood should be developed and used by practitioners in their offices and hospitals.
社区获得性肺炎（CAP）是儿童时期最常见的感染之一，但由于多种原因，建立合理的治疗方法并不容易，包括难以确定病因、最常见的细菌病原体对常用抗生素产生耐药性以及缺乏关于结合疫苗可能的预防作用的某些信息。这导致儿科医生几乎对所有CAP病例都使用抗生素治疗，通常使用不同抗菌类别药物的联合用药。为避免不必要的抗生素使用并限制抗生素耐药性的传播，应制定儿童CAP管理的共识指南，供从业者在其诊所和医院使用。
