Horak F, Stübner P, Zieglmeyer R, Harris A G
ENT-Universitätsklinik, Vienna, Austria.
Allergy. 2003 Jun;58(6):481-5. doi: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.00148.x.
Nasal congestion is a chronic symptom of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) that is often difficult to treat with antihistamines. Desloratadine, a new, potent, H1-receptor antagonist has been shown to decrease nasal congestion in clinical trials and to maintain nasal airflow in response to grass pollen exposure. We compared the effects of desloratadine 5 mg and placebo on nasal airflow, nasal secretion weights and SAR symptoms, including nasal congestion, in patients exposed to grass pollen in an environmental exposure unit.
Forty-six grass pollen allergic SAR patients received desloratadine or placebo for 7 days, followed by a 10-day washout, and then crossed over to the other treatment for 7 days. A 6-h allergen exposure was performed at the end of each treatment period.
Desloratadine was significantly superior to placebo in maintaining nasal airflow (P <or= 0.014) and lessening the increase in nasal secretion weights (P < 0.001) throughout allergen exposure. SAR symptom scores, including nasal congestion, were significantly less with desloratadine than placebo (P <or= 0.001). Desloratadine was well tolerated.
This study confirms that, compared with placebo, desloratadine can maintain nasal airflow and reduce nasal secretion weights and the severity of SAR symptoms, including nasal congestion, in SAR patients exposed to grass pollen allergen.
鼻充血是季节性变应性鼻炎（SAR）的一种慢性症状，通常难以用抗组胺药治疗。地氯雷他定是一种新型强效H1受体拮抗剂，在临床试验中已显示可减轻鼻充血，并在接触草花粉后维持鼻气流。我们在环境暴露单元中比较了5毫克地氯雷他定和安慰剂对接触草花粉患者的鼻气流、鼻分泌物重量及包括鼻充血在内的SAR症状的影响。
46例草花粉过敏的SAR患者接受地氯雷他定或安慰剂治疗7天，随后有10天的洗脱期，然后交叉接受另一种治疗7天。在每个治疗期结束时进行6小时的过敏原暴露。
在整个过敏原暴露期间，地氯雷他定在维持鼻气流方面显著优于安慰剂（P≤0.014），并减少鼻分泌物重量的增加（P<0.001）。包括鼻充血在内的SAR症状评分，地氯雷他定显著低于安慰剂（P≤0.001）。地氯雷他定耐受性良好。
本研究证实，与安慰剂相比，地氯雷他定可维持鼻气流，减轻鼻分泌物重量，并降低接触草花粉过敏原的SAR患者包括鼻充血在内的SAR症状的严重程度。
