The nonionic radiocontrast medium iopromide does not release endothelin-1 or activate cardiac mast cells during coronary angiography.

BACKGROUND

High osmolal ionic radiocontrast media (RCM) cause vascular release of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and activate mast cells. Iomeprol, a nonionic RCM, has recently been reported not to activate cardiac mast cells. This coronary angiography study was performed to extend those findings using another nonionic RCM, iopromide, and to further determine whether iopromide causes release of ET-1.

METHODS

Pulmonary artery plasma ET-1, histamine and serum tryptase were determined before and 30 min following angiography with iopromide in 11 subjects. ET-1, histamine and tryptase were measured using immunoassays.

RESULTS

The concentrations of ET-1 (1.36 +/- 0.66 pg/ml), histamine (2.63 +/- 1.15 nM), and beta (<1 microg/l) as well as total tryptase (8.25 +/- 4.63 microg/l) in the preangiography samples were within the normal range. Following angiography, the concentrations of ET-1 (0.95 +/- 0.80 pg/ml), histamine (3.08 +/- 1.06 nM), and beta (<1 microg/l) and total tryptase (7.00 +/- 5.56 microg/l) were not significantly different. None of the subjects demonstrated a postangiography increase in mediator concentration.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the lack of release of ET-1 by iopromide. The lack of cardiac mast cell activation by iopromide is consistent with the report that iomeprol also does not activate cardiac mast cells.