Bournaud C, Orgiazzi J J
Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, 69495 Pierre-Bénite Cedex, France.
J Endocrinol Invest. 2003;26(2 Suppl):49-56.
Epidemiological studies, as well as animal models, indicate that iodine might be an immunogenic agent for the thyroid gland, at least in subjects predisposed to thyroid autoimmunity. This review presents data, either epidemiological or experimental, obtained in different conditions: constant and stable iodine status, either deficient, sufficient or excessive; long-term iodine prophylaxis; temporary supplementation with iodide (6-12 months) or iodised oil. Moreover, we also discuss data obtained in the general population, among subjects with euthyroid goiter, or autoimmune goiter, or even in women prone to post-partum thyroid diseases. It is concluded that the significant increase in the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases in populations living in iodine sufficient areas should not prevent the implementation of the iodine prophylaxis.
流行病学研究以及动物模型表明，碘可能是甲状腺的一种免疫原性物质，至少在易患甲状腺自身免疫性疾病的人群中如此。本综述展示了在不同条件下获得的流行病学或实验数据：碘状态持续稳定，包括碘缺乏、充足或过量；长期碘预防；短期补充碘化物（6 - 12个月）或碘油。此外，我们还讨论了在普通人群、患有甲状腺肿但甲状腺功能正常的人群、自身免疫性甲状腺肿患者中，甚至在易患产后甲状腺疾病的女性中获得的数据。得出的结论是，生活在碘充足地区的人群中自身免疫性甲状腺疾病患病率显著增加，这不应妨碍实施碘预防措施。
