Blaszczynski Alex, Steel Zachary
University of New South Wales, Australia. Professional Unit, Health Services Building, The Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool NSW 2170, Australia.
J Gambl Stud. 1998 Spring;14(1):51-71. doi: 10.1023/a:1023098525869.
The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of DSM-III-R diagnostic categories of personality disorders in pathological gamblers and to highlight the possible association between such disorders, psychological distress and selected forms of gambling. The Personality Disorders Questionnaire-Revised and a battery of psychometric measures were administered to a sample of 82 consecutive admissions to a behavioral treatment program for gambling problems at an impulse control disorders research unit in Sydney, Australia. Seventy-three percent of subjects were male. The total sample reported having gambled a mean of 15 years of which, on average, the last 6.4 years were associated with problems. Results indicated that the majority of subjects met diagnostic criteria for at least one Personality Disorder (93%), with an average of 4.6 personality disorders per subject. The majority of gamblers evidenced personality disorders from the Cluster B grouping with particularly high rates of borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders which were found to be associated with high levels of impulsivity and affective instability. Antisocial personality disorder and narcissistic personality disorder were both found to be possible mediators of the severity of the problem gambling behaviours.
本研究的目的是调查病态赌徒中《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）人格障碍诊断类别的患病率，并强调此类障碍、心理困扰与特定赌博形式之间可能存在的关联。对澳大利亚悉尼一家冲动控制障碍研究单位的82名因赌博问题连续入院接受行为治疗项目的患者样本，施测了修订版人格障碍问卷及一系列心理测量量表。73%的受试者为男性。整个样本报告称平均赌博15年，其中平均最后6.4年与赌博问题相关。结果表明，大多数受试者符合至少一种人格障碍的诊断标准（93%），每位受试者平均有4.6种人格障碍。大多数赌徒表现出B类人格障碍，其中边缘型、表演型和自恋型人格障碍的发生率尤其高，这些人格障碍被发现与高冲动性和情感不稳定性相关。反社会人格障碍和自恋型人格障碍均被发现可能是问题赌博行为严重程度的中介因素。
