Blaszczynski A, Steel Z, McConaghy N
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia.
Addiction. 1997 Jan;92(1):75-87.
The construct of impulsivity has to date remained relatively unexplored in the pathological gambling literature. This is in spite of recent claims suggesting that impulsivity may be an important feature characterizing a subgroup of pathological gamblers who are claimed to suffer from a Multi-Impulse Personality Disorder. The present study examined the potential role of impulsivity using the Eysenck Impulsivity Scale among 115 pathological gamblers. Results indicate that heightened impulsivity is associated with the degree of severity of psychological and behavioural change in pathological gamblers. However, the findings also indicate that impulsivity closely mirrors components contained in Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Psychoticism Scale, the California Personality Inventory Socialization Scale and DSM-III Antisocial Personality Disorder. This is manifest both in terms of high intercorrelations between the measures of psychopathy and impulsivity and in their predictive relationship to the level of psychological distress suggesting a uniform impulsivity/psychopathy construct. Thus, the research supports a model of pathological gambling in which the severity of associated behavioural and psychological disturbance is mediated by a impulsivity/ psychopathy construct.
迄今为止，冲动性这一概念在病态赌博文献中仍相对未被充分探讨。尽管最近有观点认为，冲动性可能是病态赌徒亚群体的一个重要特征，据称这些赌徒患有多重冲动人格障碍。本研究使用艾森克冲动性量表，对115名病态赌徒进行研究，以检验冲动性的潜在作用。结果表明，冲动性增强与病态赌徒心理和行为变化的严重程度相关。然而，研究结果还表明，冲动性与艾森克人格问卷精神质量表、加利福尼亚人格问卷社会化量表以及《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版反社会人格障碍所包含的成分密切相关。这在精神病态和冲动性测量之间的高相互关联性以及它们与心理困扰程度的预测关系中都有体现，表明存在一个统一的冲动性/精神病态概念。因此，该研究支持一种病态赌博模型，其中相关行为和心理障碍的严重程度由冲动性/精神病态概念介导。
