Klingensmith Jon D, Schoenhagen Paul, Tajaddini Azita, Halliburton Sandra S, Tuzcu E Murat, Nissen Steven E, Vince D Geoffrey
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Am Heart J. 2003 May;145(5):795-805. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00089-9.
Angiography allows the definition of advanced, severe stages of coronary artery disease, but early atherosclerotic lesions, which do not lead to luminal stenosis, are not identified reliably. In contrast, intravascular ultrasound scanning allows the precise characterization and quantification of a wide range of atherosclerotic lesions, independent of the severity of luminal stenosis.
Three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of entire coronary segments is possible with the integration of sequential 2-dimensional tomographic images and allows volumetric analysis of coronary arteries.
Automated systems able to recognize lumen and vessel borders and to display 3-D images are becoming available.
These systems have the potential for on-line 3-D image reconstruction for clinical decision-making and fast routine volumetric analysis in research studies. This review describes 3-D intravascular ultrasound scanning acquisition, analysis, and processing, and the associated technical challenges.
血管造影可明确冠状动脉疾病的晚期、严重阶段，但无法可靠识别未导致管腔狭窄的早期动脉粥样硬化病变。相比之下，血管内超声扫描能够精确表征和量化各种动脉粥样硬化病变，而不受管腔狭窄严重程度的影响。
通过整合连续的二维断层图像，可以对整个冠状动脉节段进行三维（3-D）重建，并对冠状动脉进行容积分析。
能够识别管腔和血管边界并显示三维图像的自动化系统已逐渐问世。
这些系统具有在线三维图像重建的潜力，可用于临床决策以及研究中的快速常规容积分析。本文综述了三维血管内超声扫描的采集、分析和处理，以及相关的技术挑战。
