阿坎酸及其在治疗酒精依赖青少年中的疗效。

Acamprosate and its efficacy in treating alcohol dependent adolescents.

作者信息

Niederhofer Helmut, Staffen Wolfgang

机构信息

Christian Doppler-Klinik, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.

出版信息

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003 Jun;12(3):144-8. doi: 10.1007/s00787-003-0327-1.

DOI:10.1007/s00787-003-0327-1

PMID:12768462

Abstract

BACKGROUND

About 50 % of adult alcoholic patients relapse within 3 months of treatment. Previous studies have suggested that acamprosate may help to prevent such relapse. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of long-term acamprosate treatment in alcohol dependence of adolescents.

METHODS

In this, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we recruited 26 patients, aged 16-19 years, with chronic or episodic alcohol dependence. Patients were randomly allocated treatment with acamprosate (1332 mg daily) or placebo for 90 days. Patients were assessed on the day treatment started and on days 30, and 90 by interview, self report, questionnaire, and laboratory screening.

FINDINGS

13 acamprosate-treated and 13 placebo-treated patients completed the treatment phase: of those withdrawn, 11 (1 vs 6) relapsed, 5 (3 vs 2) refused to continue treatment, 3 (1 vs 2) had concurrent illness, and 2 (1 vs 1) had adverse side-effects. At the end of treatment, 7 acamprosate treated and 2 placebo-treated patients had been continuously abstinent (p = 0.0076). Mean cumulative abstinence duration was significantly greater in the acamprosate group than in the placebo group (79.8 [SD 37.5] vs 32.8 [19.0] days; p = 0.012).

INTERPRETATION

Acamprosate is an effective and well-tolerated pharmacological adjunct to psychosocial treatment programmes.

摘要

背景

约50%的成年酗酒患者在治疗后3个月内复发。先前的研究表明，阿坎酸可能有助于预防此类复发。我们研究的目的是评估长期使用阿坎酸治疗青少年酒精依赖的疗效和安全性。

方法

在这项双盲、安慰剂对照研究中，我们招募了26名年龄在16 - 19岁、患有慢性或发作性酒精依赖的患者。患者被随机分配接受阿坎酸（每日1332毫克）或安慰剂治疗90天。在治疗开始当天、第30天和第90天，通过访谈、自我报告、问卷和实验室筛查对患者进行评估。

研究结果

13名接受阿坎酸治疗和13名接受安慰剂治疗的患者完成了治疗阶段：在退出治疗的患者中，11名（1名对6名）复发，5名（3名对2名）拒绝继续治疗，3名（1名对2名）患有并发疾病，2名（1名对1名）有不良反应。治疗结束时，7名接受阿坎酸治疗和2名接受安慰剂治疗的患者持续戒酒（p = 0.0076）。阿坎酸组的平均累积戒酒持续时间显著长于安慰剂组（79.8 [标准差37.5] 天对32.8 [19.0] 天；p = 0.012）。