Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders, Pearson Center for Alcoholism and Addiction Research, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2010 Mar;9(1):23-32. doi: 10.2174/187152710790966641.
Alcoholism is one of the most prevalent substance dependence disorders in the world. Advances in research in the neurobiological mechanisms underlying alcohol dependence have identified specific neurotransmitter targets for the development of pharmacological treatments. Acamprosate, marketed under the brand name Campral, is an orally administered drug available by prescription in the U.S. and throughout much of the world for treating alcohol dependence. Its safety and efficacy have been demonstrated in numerous clinical trials worldwide. Here we provide an overview of acamprosate in the context of the neurobiological underpinnings of alcohol dependence. We propose that unlike previously available pharmacotherapies, acamprosate represents a prototypical neuromodulatory approach in the treatment of alcohol dependence. A neuromodulatory approach seeks to restore the disrupted changes in neurobiology resulting from chronic alcohol intake. We believe that a neuromodulatory approach will provide a heuristic framework for developing more effective pharmacotherapies for alcohol dependence.
酒精中毒是世界上最普遍的物质依赖障碍之一。对酒精依赖的神经生物学机制的研究进展已经确定了特定的神经递质靶点，可用于开发药理学治疗方法。安非他酮，以 Campral 的品牌出售，是一种口服药物，在美国和世界上许多地方都有处方，用于治疗酒精依赖。它的安全性和疗效已在全球许多临床试验中得到证实。在这里，我们根据酒精依赖的神经生物学基础概述了安非他酮。我们提出，与以前可用的药物治疗不同，安非他酮代表了治疗酒精依赖的典型神经调节方法。神经调节方法试图恢复慢性酒精摄入引起的神经生物学紊乱变化。我们相信，神经调节方法将为开发更有效的酒精依赖药物治疗方法提供启发式框架。
