Yamashita O, Imai K, Saito H, Shiomi K, Sato Y
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
J Insect Physiol. 1998 Mar;44(3-4):333-342. doi: 10.1016/s0022-1910(97)00140-6.
Members of the neuropeptide family having Phe-X-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH(2) (FXPRLamide; X=Ser, Thr, Val, or Gly) at the C-terminus serve as regulators of oviduct and visceral muscle contraction, sex pheromone production, and diapause induction. Antibody raised against Bombyx mori diapause hormone recognized a variety of FXPRLamide peptides. Using this antibody, the antigen was immunocytochemically localized in the central nervous system (CNS) of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Immunoreactive somata were observed in all ganglia of the CNS including the brain. Twelve somata localized at the midline of the suboesophageal ganglion (SG) were most intensely stained, and their neurite projections reached the retrocerebral complex. Thus, these cells in the SG exhibited typical features of neuroendocrine neurons. Marked reduction in immunoreactivity was observed in a pair of neurosecretory cells in the labial neuromere in SG of diapause type pupae, which indicates an active release of FXPRLamide peptides from these cells. No clear connection to neurohemal sites were observed in immunoreactive cells in the brain, thoracic or abdominal ganglia, suggesting that the immunoreactive peptides in these organs are likely to serve as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators.
C末端具有Phe-X-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH₂（FXPRLamide；X = Ser、Thr、Val或Gly）的神经肽家族成员可作为输卵管和内脏肌肉收缩、性信息素产生以及滞育诱导的调节因子。针对家蚕滞育激素产生的抗体识别多种FXPRLamide肽。利用该抗体，通过免疫细胞化学方法将抗原定位在家蚕的中枢神经系统（CNS）中。在包括脑在内的CNS的所有神经节中均观察到免疫反应性胞体。位于咽下神经节（SG）中线的12个胞体染色最为强烈，其神经突投射到达脑后复合体。因此，SG中的这些细胞表现出神经内分泌神经元的典型特征。在滞育型蛹的SG中唇神经节的一对神经分泌细胞中观察到免疫反应性明显降低，这表明这些细胞活跃释放FXPRLamide肽。在脑、胸神经节或腹神经节的免疫反应性细胞中未观察到与神经血器官的明显连接，这表明这些器官中的免疫反应性肽可能作为神经递质或神经调节剂发挥作用。
