Itoyama K, Tojo S, Yanagita T, Hardie J
Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
J Insect Physiol. 2000 Feb;46(2):119-125. doi: 10.1016/s0022-1910(99)00107-9.
Long-day reared winged (alate) virginoparae from laboratory stock cultures which had been reared throughout larval development on bean stipules were significantly smaller (0.46+/-0.02 mg; mean+/-SEM) than short-day-reared gynoparae (0.69+/-0.04 mg; the winged autumn migrant) which completed development on intact beans. When winged virginoparae were raised from the third stadium on bean seedlings they grew larger (0.86+/-0.02 mg) but the gynoparae contained proportionally more total lipid (12.1+/-0.4%, gynoparae; 7.4+/-0.6%, stipule-reared virginoparae; 9.2+/-0.8%, seedling-reared virginoparae). Wingless aphids (apterae) were heavier, whether reared in short (0.99+/-0.03 mg) or long days (0.95+/-0.04 mg) but the lipid content was low (4.5+/-0.7% and 4.9+/-0.6%, respectively). The triacyl-, diacylglycerol and the phospholipid contents followed this trend but analysis of the fatty acid moieties of the triacylglycerides showed phenotypic differences. The ratios of myristic acid:palmitic acid were significantly higher in the winged forms than the wingless forms and were much higher in the gynoparae than the winged virginoparae. Short-day-reared wingless females also had a higher myristic acid:palmitic acid ratio than long-day-reared apterae, possibly reflecting the embryonic gynoparae maturing in their ovaries.
来自实验室种群培养物的长日照饲养的有翅（具翅）性母蚜，其在幼虫发育全过程中以豆托叶为食，显著小于短日照饲养的雌蚜（0.69±0.04毫克；有翅秋季迁飞蚜），后者在完整豆上完成发育。当有翅性母蚜从第三龄期开始在豆苗上饲养时，它们长得更大（0.86±0.02毫克），但雌蚜的总脂质比例更高（雌蚜为12.1±0.4%；托叶饲养的性母蚜为7.4±0.6%；豆苗饲养的性母蚜为9.2±0.8%）。无翅蚜虫（无翅蚜）更重，无论在短日照（0.99±0.03毫克）还是长日照（0.95±0.04毫克）条件下饲养，但脂质含量较低（分别为4.5±0.7%和4.9±0.6%）。三酰基甘油、二酰基甘油和磷脂含量遵循这一趋势，但对三酰基甘油脂肪酸部分的分析显示出表型差异。有翅型中肉豆蔻酸：棕榈酸的比例显著高于无翅型，且雌蚜中的该比例远高于有翅性母蚜。短日照饲养的无翅雌蚜的肉豆蔻酸：棕榈酸比例也高于长日照饲养的无翅蚜，这可能反映了其卵巢中胚胎雌蚜的成熟情况。
