Dixon A F, Dewar A M
Zoology Department, The University, Glasgow.
Ann Appl Biol. 1974 Sep;78(1):1-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1974.tb01479.x.
Apterous exules of Rhopalosiphum padi which experienced short photoperiods only during the first half of their nymphal life all produced gynoparae which made up 57% of the offspring produced in the first 7 days of the mother's reproductive life. Short photoperiods during the second half of a mother's nymphal life did not induce the production of gynoparae. However, when short photoperiods were experienced throughout a mother's nymphal life significantly more gynoparae (82%) were produced. Ten per cent of the offspring of mothers that experienced short photoperiods only during their adult life developed into gynoparae. Of the offspring reared in short photoperiods, but born to mothers reared and kept in long photoperiods, 30% developed into gynoparae. When mothers were exposed to short photoperiods in their adult life and their offspring so treated, then 90% of the offspring developed into gynoparae. Males only occurred amongst the last offspring of mothers that experienced short photoperiods in either the first or the second half of their nymphal life.
仅在若虫期前半段经历短光照周期的禾谷缢管蚜无翅侨蚜全部产生了性雌蚜，这些性雌蚜占母体繁殖期头7天所产后代的57%。母体若虫期后半段的短光照周期并未诱导性雌蚜的产生。然而，当母体若虫期全程经历短光照周期时，产生的性雌蚜显著增多（82%）。仅在成虫期经历短光照周期的母体所产后代中，有10%发育成性雌蚜。在短光照周期下饲养，但母体在长光照周期下饲养并留存的后代中，30%发育成性雌蚜。当母体在成虫期暴露于短光照周期且其后代也如此处理时，90%的后代发育成性雌蚜。雄性仅出现在若虫期前半段或后半段经历短光照周期的母体的最后一批后代中。
