Yüzbaşi N, Sezgin E, Yildirim M, Yildirim Z
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Provincial Control Laboratory, Ankara. Turkey.
Food Addit Contam. 2003 May;20(5):464-9. doi: 10.1080/0265203031000094654.
Lead, cadmium, iron, copper and zinc contents of Kaşar cheese sold in the markets of Ankara, Turkey, were determined over 12 months. A total of 240 samples comprising 10 different brands were analysed. Graphite-furnace atomic absorption was employed for the determination of lead and cadmium, and flame atomic absorption for iron, copper and zinc. The mean (range) of the lead, cadmium, iron, copper and zinc content of the samples were 86 (10-421) microg kg(-1), 1.8 (0.3-8.3) microg kg(-1), 4.2 (1.0-14.1) mg kg(-1), 0.7 (0.3-1.6) mg kg(-1) and 37.7 (26.5-63.0) mg kg(-1), respectively. The samples in November, December and January contained higher amounts of lead than those in other months (p < 0.01). Moreover, important differences existed in lead content of the samples between different cheese producers (p < 0.01). The differences in cadmium and iron content of the samples for different months were important (p < 0.01). The iron content of the samples among manufacturers also varied significantly (p < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in copper and zinc contents of the samples over 12 months (p > 0.05). These findings suggested that some contamination occurred during milk production and/or manufacturing of cheese depending on the equipment used. For a consumption of 100 g Kaşar cheese, one would ingest approximately 8.6 microg (4% of the provisional tolerable daily intake, PTDI) of lead, 0.2 microg (0.3%) of cadmium, 0.4 mg (0.9%) of iron, 0.07 mg (2%) of copper and 3.8 mg (6%) of zinc. Therefore, it was concluded that Kaşar cheese is not a significant contributor to the intake of investigated heavy metals.
在12个月的时间里，对在土耳其安卡拉市场上销售的卡萨尔奶酪中的铅、镉、铁、铜和锌含量进行了测定。共分析了包括10个不同品牌的240个样品。采用石墨炉原子吸收法测定铅和镉，火焰原子吸收法测定铁、铜和锌。样品中铅、镉、铁、铜和锌含量的平均值（范围）分别为86（10 - 421）μg kg⁻¹、1.8（0.3 - 8.3）μg kg⁻¹、4.2（1.0 - 14.1）mg kg⁻¹、0.7（0.3 - 1.6）mg kg⁻¹和37.7（26.5 - 63.0）mg kg⁻¹。11月、12月和1月的样品中铅含量高于其他月份（p < 0.01）。此外，不同奶酪生产商的样品铅含量存在显著差异（p < 0.01）。不同月份样品中镉和铁含量的差异显著（p < 0.01）。不同生产商的样品中铁含量也有显著变化（p < 0.01）。然而，12个月内样品中的铜和锌含量没有显著差异（p > 0.05）。这些发现表明，根据所使用的设备，在牛奶生产和/或奶酪制造过程中发生了一些污染。食用100克卡萨尔奶酪，大约会摄入8.6μg（占暂定每日可耐受摄入量，PTDI的4%）的铅、0.2μg（0.3%）的镉、0.4mg（0.9%）的铁、0.07mg（2%）的铜和3.8mg（6%）的锌。因此，得出的结论是，卡萨尔奶酪不是所研究重金属摄入的重要来源。
