Kennington W Jason, Killeen James R, Goldstein David B, Partridge Linda
Department of Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
Evolution. 2003 Apr;57(4):932-6. doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00304.x.
We examined the evolutionary response of wing area (a trait highly correlated with other measures of body size) to relative humidity (RH), temperature, and their interaction in Drosophila melanogaster, using replicated lines that had been allowed to evolve at low or high humidity at 18 degrees C or at 25 degrees C. We found that after 20 weeks of selection (5-10 generations), low RH lines had significantly greater wing areas than high RH lines in both sexes. This evolutionary response may have resulted from selection of larger flies with a smaller surface area for water loss relative to their weight, or as a correlated response to selection on some other unidentified trait. There were no evolutionary effects of temperature on wing area or cell density. This may have been due to the short duration of the selection experiment, and/or counteracting selection pressures on body size at warm temperature.
我们使用在18摄氏度或25摄氏度的低湿度或高湿度条件下进化的重复品系，研究了黑腹果蝇的翅面积（一种与其他体型测量指标高度相关的性状）对相对湿度（RH）、温度及其相互作用的进化响应。我们发现，经过20周的选择（5 - 10代），在两个性别中，低湿度品系的翅面积显著大于高湿度品系。这种进化响应可能是由于选择了相对于体重具有较小失水表面积的较大果蝇，或者是对其他未确定性状选择的相关响应。温度对翅面积或细胞密度没有进化影响。这可能是由于选择实验的持续时间较短，和/或温暖温度下对体型的反向选择压力。
