Mafojane N A, Appleton C C, Krecek R C, Michael L M, Willingham A L
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Kalafong Hospital, Private Bag x396, Pretoria, South Africa.
Acta Trop. 2003 Jun;87(1):25-33. doi: 10.1016/s0001-706x(03)00052-4.
Some information has been documented on the epidemiology of neurocysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa through the monitoring of hospital-based patients with neurocysticercosis, community-based serological surveys of particular socio-economic groups of people and surveys of porcine cysticercosis. Studies have revealed that non-pork eaters have as great a chance of infection as a pork eater, the Xhosa-speaking people of the Eastern Cape Province have the highest prevalence of cysticercosis/taeniosis in South Africa probably due to the common practice of free-range pig farming and the lack of sanitation in these areas. Several studies have revealed high prevalence rates in children and interestingly, patients with active cysts suffering from epilepsy. A startling mode of transmission is where self-trained healers use Taenia segments either for benevolent (e.g. in the treatment of severe intestinal tapeworm infections) or malevolent (evil) purposes (e.g. women "poisoning" an unfaithful husband or lover by adding the contents of Taenia solium segments to beer).
通过对以医院为基础的神经囊尾蚴病患者进行监测、对特定社会经济群体进行社区血清学调查以及对猪囊尾蚴病进行调查,已经记录了一些关于东非和南非神经囊尾蚴病流行病学的信息。研究表明,不吃猪肉的人与吃猪肉的人感染几率一样大,东开普省说科萨语的人群在南非囊尾蚴病/绦虫病患病率最高,这可能是由于这些地区普遍存在自由放养式养猪以及卫生条件差的情况。多项研究显示儿童中的患病率很高,有趣的是,患有活动性囊肿的患者会出现癫痫症状。一种令人吃惊的传播方式是,自学成才的治疗师使用绦虫节片,要么出于善意(如治疗严重的肠道绦虫感染),要么出于恶意(如女性通过将猪带绦虫节片的内容物添加到啤酒中“毒害”不忠的丈夫或情人)。