Gawronski Bertram
Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Jun;84(6):1154-71. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.6.1154.
Drawing on G. D. Reeder's (1993) schematic model of dispositional inference, it is hypothesized that perceivers' tendency to draw correspondent dispositional inferences from situationally constrained behavior (i.e., the correspondence bias) can be due to the application of schematic assumptions about trait-behavior relations (i.e., implicational schemata) within the process of situational adjustment. Applied to attitude attribution, situational adjustment is hypothesized to follow an implicit theory of ability, implying that only authors with a corresponding attitude are able to write a persuasive essay toward a given position. Results from 6 experiments offer converging evidence for this hypothesis. Implications for a sufficient understanding of the processes that lead to the correspondence bias are discussed.
借鉴G. D. 里德（1993年）的特质推断示意图模型，我们假设，感知者从受情境限制的行为中得出相应特质推断的倾向（即对应偏差），可能是由于在情境调整过程中应用了关于特质-行为关系的示意图假设（即蕴含图式）。应用于态度归因时，情境调整被假设为遵循一种能力的内隐理论，这意味着只有持有相应态度的作者才能写出针对特定立场的有说服力的文章。6个实验的结果为这一假设提供了一致的证据。我们还讨论了充分理解导致对应偏差的过程的意义。
