Wassarman P M, Kinloch R A
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Roche Research Center, Nutley, NJ 07110.
Mutat Res. 1992 Dec;296(1-2):3-15. doi: 10.1016/0165-1110(92)90028-8.
A mouse egg is the end-product of oogenesis--a process initiated during fetal development and completed months later at the time of sperm-egg fusion. Oogenesis includes many important events. Among these are formation of female germ cells, initiation and completion of meiosis, and establishment of a maternal store of materials to support fertilization and preimplantation development. The latter takes place largely during germ cell growth in sexually mature females and involves extensive gene expression. Ribonucleic acid and protein accumulate to unusually high levels during this relatively short phase of oogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that establishment of a maternal store of materials in the growing mouse egg is both transcriptionally and translationally regulated. Specific examples of both types of regulation are presented here in the context of gene expression during oogenesis in mice.
小鼠卵子是卵子发生的最终产物——这一过程始于胎儿发育阶段，并在数月后精子与卵子融合时完成。卵子发生包括许多重要事件。其中有雌性生殖细胞的形成、减数分裂的启动和完成，以及建立母体物质储备以支持受精和植入前发育。后者主要发生在性成熟雌性的生殖细胞生长过程中，涉及广泛的基因表达。在卵子发生这一相对较短的阶段，核糖核酸和蛋白质会积累到异常高的水平。最近的研究表明，在生长中的小鼠卵子中建立母体物质储备是受转录和翻译调控的。本文在小鼠卵子发生过程中的基因表达背景下，给出了这两种调控类型的具体例子。
