Mann Katherine M, Sleigh Merry J
Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030-4444, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 2003 Jul;43(1):28-36. doi: 10.1002/dev.10119.
Two exploratory experiments examined the effects of flashing light stimulation on growth, mortality, and behavioral preferences of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Experiment 1 showed that tadpoles exposed to continuous visual stimulation, from egg-laying through postnatal day 40, had significantly higher mortality rates and weighed significantly less than controls. In contrast to controls, experimental tadpoles showed a preference for visual stimulation throughout early development. Results support the notion that augmented visual stimulation during early development affects species-typical development and the creation of postnatal preferences. Experiment 2 exposed subjects to propranolol in their water to investigate a potential sympathetic nervous system (SNS) mechanism responsible for the previous results. Tadpoles exposed to propranolol and visual stimulation simultaneously did not show a preference for the visual stimulation. Although this preliminary finding suggests SNS involvement, this notion deserves further investigation.
两项探索性实验研究了闪光刺激对非洲爪蟾蝌蚪生长、死亡率和行为偏好的影响。实验1表明，从产卵到出生后第40天暴露于持续视觉刺激下的蝌蚪，死亡率显著更高，体重也明显低于对照组。与对照组相比，实验蝌蚪在整个早期发育过程中都表现出对视觉刺激的偏好。结果支持了这样一种观点，即早期发育过程中增强的视觉刺激会影响物种典型发育和出生后偏好的形成。实验2让实验对象在水中接触普萘洛尔，以研究导致先前结果的潜在交感神经系统（SNS）机制。同时暴露于普萘洛尔和视觉刺激下的蝌蚪对视觉刺激没有表现出偏好。尽管这一初步发现表明交感神经系统参与其中，但这一观点值得进一步研究。
