Cullinan M P, Hamlet S M, Westerman B, Palmer J E, Faddy M J, Seymour G J
The University of Queensland School of Dentistry, Oral Care Research Programme, Brisbane, Australia.
J Clin Periodontol. 2003 Jun;30(6):532-41. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.00292.x.
The present study describes the natural history of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Prevotella intermedia over a 5-year period and the effect of a triclosan/copolymer dentifrice on these organisms in a normal adult population.
Subgingival plaque samples were collected from 504 adult volunteers. Probing pocket depths (PPD) and relative attachment levels were measured using an automated probe. Participants were matched for disease status (CPI), plaque index, age and gender, and allocated to receive either a triclosan/copolymer or placebo dentifrice. Re-examination and subgingival plaque sampling was repeated after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years. P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. intermedia were detected and quantitated using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Logistic regression and generalised linear modelling were used to analyse the data.
This 5-year longitudinal study showed considerable volatility in acquisition and loss (below the level of detection) of all three organisms in this population. Relatively few subjects had these organisms on multiple occasions. While P. gingivalis was related to loss of attachment and to PPD >/=3.5 mm, there was no relationship between A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. intermedia and disease progression over the 5 years of the study. Smokers with P. gingivalis had more PPD >/=3.5 mm than smokers without this organism. There was no significant effect of the triclosan dentifrice on P. gingivalis or A. actinomycetemcomitans. Subjects using triclosan were more likely to have P. intermedia than those not using the dentifrice; however this did not translate into these subjects having higher levels of P. intermedia and its presence was uniform showing no signs of increasing over the course of the study.
The present 5-year longitudinal study has shown the transient nature of colonisation with P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. intermedia in a normal adult population. The use of a triclosan-containing dentifrice did not lead to an overgrowth of these organisms. The clinical effect of the dentifrice would appear to be independent of its antimicrobial properties.
本研究描述了牙龈卟啉单胞菌、伴放线放线杆菌和中间普氏菌在5年期间的自然病程，以及含三氯生/共聚物牙膏对正常成年人群中这些微生物的影响。
从504名成年志愿者中收集龈下菌斑样本。使用自动探针测量探诊深度（PPD）和相对附着水平。根据疾病状态（社区牙周指数）、菌斑指数、年龄和性别对参与者进行匹配，并分配接受含三氯生/共聚物牙膏或安慰剂牙膏。在1、2、3、4和5年后重复进行复查和龈下菌斑采样。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测和定量牙龈卟啉单胞菌、伴放线放线杆菌和中间普氏菌。采用逻辑回归和广义线性模型分析数据。
这项为期5年的纵向研究表明，该人群中所有三种微生物的获得和消失（低于检测水平）具有相当大的波动性。相对较少的受试者多次检测到这些微生物。虽然牙龈卟啉单胞菌与附着丧失和PPD≥3.5mm有关，但在研究的5年中，伴放线放线杆菌或中间普氏菌与疾病进展之间没有关系。携带牙龈卟啉单胞菌的吸烟者比未携带该菌的吸烟者有更多PPD≥3.5mm。含三氯生牙膏对牙龈卟啉单胞菌或伴放线放线杆菌没有显著影响。使用三氯生牙膏的受试者比未使用牙膏的受试者更易携带中间普氏菌；然而，这并未导致这些受试者中间普氏菌水平更高，且其存在情况较为一致，在研究过程中没有增加的迹象。
目前这项为期5年的纵向研究表明，在正常成年人群中，牙龈卟啉单胞菌、伴放线放线杆菌和中间普氏菌的定植具有短暂性。使用含三氯生牙膏不会导致这些微生物过度生长。牙膏的临床效果似乎与其抗菌特性无关。
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