DiBattista David, McKenzie Tammy L B, Hollis-Walker Laurie
Brock University, Department of Psychology, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada L2S 3A1.
Alcohol. 2003 Apr;29(3):173-81. doi: 10.1016/s0741-8329(03)00036-3.
In experimental conditions, golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) avidly consume ethanol solutions. However, they are relatively resistant to the deleterious effects of ethanol even after months of continuous consumption, apparently because they metabolize ethanol rapidly and efficiently. Male hamsters with ad libitum access to food and water were presented with isocaloric solutions [weight/weight (wt./wt.)] of 10% ethanol and 17.75% glucose for 40-min periods on alternate days. When hamsters were injected with 0.9% saline before solution presentation the mean intake of ethanol solution (0.55 g) was about half that of glucose solution (1.08 g). Hamsters derived a mean of 0.36 g/kg/40 min of absolute ethanol from the ethanol solution, an amount that does not seem to exceed their metabolic capacity for ethanol. An intraperitoneal injection of a 2.0-microg/kg dose of the C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK-8) reduced intakes of both solutions by >50% if administered 5 min before solution presentation, but it was ineffectual if administered 45 min before presentation. When citric acid (2.5 g/l) was added to the glucose solution the baseline intakes of the two solutions were virtually equivalent, and when CCK-8 was administered over a range of doses (0.5-2.0 microg/kg) the intakes of the solutions did not differ significantly at any dose, supporting the suggestion that the pharmacological properties of ethanol play little or no role in mediating the consumption-inhibiting effect of exogenously administered cholecystokinin (CCK). Prior administration of lorglumide, a selective CCK type A receptor antagonist, completely attenuated the inhibitory effect of CCK-8. Findings are consistent with the notion that endogenous CCK plays a key role in the short-term control of ethanol intake in hamsters.
在实验条件下，金黄地鼠（Mesocricetus auratus）会大量饮用乙醇溶液。然而，即使连续饮用数月，它们对乙醇的有害影响仍具有相对抗性，这显然是因为它们能快速且高效地代谢乙醇。让自由获取食物和水的雄性地鼠每隔一天饮用40分钟等热量的溶液[重量/重量（wt./wt.）]，其中10%乙醇溶液和17.75%葡萄糖溶液。在给地鼠提供溶液前注射0.9%生理盐水时，乙醇溶液的平均摄入量（0.55克）约为葡萄糖溶液（1.08克）的一半。地鼠从乙醇溶液中平均每40分钟每千克摄取0.36克纯乙醇，这一量似乎未超过它们对乙醇的代谢能力。如果在提供溶液前5分钟腹腔注射2.0微克/千克剂量的胆囊收缩素C末端八肽（CCK - 8），两种溶液的摄入量均减少超过50%，但如果在提供溶液前45分钟注射则无效。当向葡萄糖溶液中添加柠檬酸（2.5克/升）时，两种溶液的基础摄入量几乎相等，并且当以一系列剂量（0.5 - 2.0微克/千克）注射CCK - 8时，在任何剂量下溶液的摄入量均无显著差异，这支持了乙醇的药理特性在介导外源性给予胆囊收缩素（CCK）的消费抑制作用中作用很小或不起作用的观点。预先给予选择性CCK A型受体拮抗剂洛谷胺可完全减弱CCK - 8的抑制作用。这些发现与内源性CCK在短期内控制地鼠乙醇摄入量中起关键作用的观点一致。
