Tsai Su-Ying, Hsu Wen-Ming, Cheng Ching-Yu, Liu Jorn-Hon, Chou Pesus
Community Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ophthalmology. 2003 Jun;110(6):1089-95. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(03)00243-4.
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for age-related cataracts in a metropolitan elderly Chinese population in Shihpai, Taipei, Taiwan.
Population-based cross-sectional study.
A total of 2045 subjects at least 65 years of age were invited to participate, and 1361 (66.6%) participated in the survey.
An eye examination, including lens opacity grading, was conducted by ophthalmologists using the Lens Opacity Classification System III (LOCS III). A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Interviewers also collected information on subjects' blood pressure, lifestyle (cigarette smoking and alcohol intake), medical history, and waist and hip circumferences.
Subjects were defined as having age-related cataracts if there was any type of lens opacity with an LOCS III grade of more than 2 in one or both eyes. When both eyes of an individual had age-related cataracts, the more affected eye was used for analysis.
Among the 1361 participants, 806 were diagnosed with age-related cataracts. The prevalence was 59.2% (95% confidence interval, 56.6%-61.8%). Women had a higher prevalence of cataracts than men (64.0% vs. 56.1%, P = 0.004). The prevalence of age-related cataracts increased with age (P = 0.001). Nuclear opacity was the most prevalent type (38.9%), followed by cortical opacity (21.9%) and posterior subcapsular opacity (9.2%). On the basis of the final logistic regression model, after controlling for all other covariates, increased age and female gender were factors that were associated with an increased risk for all types of cataracts. Besides age and gender, the most significant risk factor for nuclear cataracts was current cigarette smoking; the significant predictors for cortical cataracts were higher systolic blood pressure, a history of cigarette smoking in the past, and history of diabetes; the significant predictor for posterior subcapsular cataracts was higher systolic blood pressure.
The increasing prevalence of age-related cataracts with age highlights the need to seek appropriate medical services and for preventative interventions. Elderly people often ignore the importance of seeking vision services and care to prevent blindness or visual impairment. These findings suggest that the elderly need to be educated regarding the importance of eye care by physicians and hygiene authorities in Taiwan.
本研究旨在确定台湾台北市石牌都会区老年华人人群中年龄相关性白内障的患病率及危险因素。
基于人群的横断面研究。
共邀请了2045名至少65岁的受试者参与，1361名（66.6%）参与了调查。
眼科医生使用晶状体混浊分级系统III（LOCS III）进行眼部检查，包括晶状体混浊分级。使用结构化问卷收集数据。访谈者还收集了受试者的血压、生活方式（吸烟和饮酒情况）、病史以及腰围和臀围信息。
如果一只或两只眼睛存在任何类型的晶状体混浊且LOCS III分级超过2级，则将受试者定义为患有年龄相关性白内障。当个体双眼均患有年龄相关性白内障时，以受影响更严重的眼睛进行分析。
在1361名参与者中，806名被诊断患有年龄相关性白内障。患病率为59.2%（95%置信区间，56.6% - 61.8%）。女性白内障患病率高于男性（64.0%对56.1%，P = 0.004）。年龄相关性白内障的患病率随年龄增长而增加（P = 0.001）。核性混浊是最常见的类型（38.9%），其次是皮质性混浊（21.9%）和后囊下混浊（9.2%）。基于最终的逻辑回归模型，在控制所有其他协变量后，年龄增加和女性性别是与所有类型白内障风险增加相关的因素。除年龄和性别外，核性白内障最显著的危险因素是当前吸烟；皮质性白内障的显著预测因素是收缩压升高、过去吸烟史和糖尿病史；后囊下白内障的显著预测因素是收缩压升高。
年龄相关性白内障患病率随年龄增加凸显了寻求适当医疗服务和进行预防性干预的必要性。老年人常常忽视寻求视力服务和护理以预防失明或视力损害的重要性。这些发现表明，台湾的医生和卫生当局需要对老年人进行眼保健重要性的教育。
