Kawakami Kerry, Dovidio John F, Dijksterhuis Ap
University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Psychol Sci. 2003 Jul;14(4):315-9. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.14451.
In four studies, we examined the spontaneous activation of specific attitudes related to social categories. These studies investigated whether priming participants with concepts associated with the elderly and skinheads influenced participants' attitudes. The results consistently demonstrated that priming a social category can influence people's attitudes such that they become more similar to those of people in the primed category. After participants were primed with the elderly category, their attitudes became more conservative; after participants were primed with the skinhead category, their attitudes became more prejudiced. We also found that these effects can occur without awareness and intention and are specific to the participants' own attitudes. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are considered.
在四项研究中，我们考察了与社会类别相关的特定态度的自发激活情况。这些研究调查了用与老年人和光头党相关的概念启动参与者是否会影响他们的态度。结果一致表明，启动一个社会类别会影响人们的态度，使他们的态度变得更类似于启动类别中人们的态度。在用老年人类别启动参与者后，他们的态度变得更加保守；在用光头党类别启动参与者后，他们的态度变得更加偏见。我们还发现，这些影响可以在没有意识和意图的情况下发生，并且特定于参与者自己的态度。我们考虑了这些发现的理论和实践意义。
