Kennedy P G, Gairns J
Glasgow University Department of Neurology, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow.
Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1992 Oct;18(5):515-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.1992.tb00818.x.
In order to study possible immunopathogenic mechanisms in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) encephalitis, immunocytochemical localization of Class I and Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens was studied in formalin-fixed tissue sections from the brains of 10 individuals who had died with this disorder. Using the avidin biotin peroxidase technique and monoclonal antibodies to these antigens, increased expression of Class I antigens was found in five out of 10 and of Class II antigens in six out of 10 cases of HIV encephalitis. This contrasted with results obtained with the HIV-specific anti-P24 antibody which reacted with only a small number of cells in four cases. Class I and II antigens were detected mainly in perivascular monocytes/macrophages and also in multinucleated giant cells. In two cases, slight labelling was also detected in these cells more diffusely in the brain parenchyma. Immune and viral antigens were not detected in glial cells or neurons. Neither normal control cases nor brain sections from patients who had died from other neurological diseases were labelled with any of the antibodies apart from two cases of varicella-zoster virus-associated encephalitis in which increased expression of Class II antigens occurred. These findings support the notion that indirect immune-mediated mechanisms may be important in the pathogenesis of HIV encephalitis.
为研究人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）脑炎可能的免疫致病机制，对10例死于该疾病患者大脑的福尔马林固定组织切片进行了I类和II类主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）抗原的免疫细胞化学定位研究。采用抗生物素蛋白-生物素过氧化物酶技术和针对这些抗原的单克隆抗体，在10例HIV脑炎病例中，有5例发现I类抗原表达增加，6例发现II类抗原表达增加。这与HIV特异性抗P24抗体的结果形成对比，该抗体仅在4例中与少数细胞发生反应。I类和II类抗原主要在血管周围单核细胞/巨噬细胞以及多核巨细胞中检测到。在2例中，在脑实质的这些细胞中也检测到轻微的标记。在神经胶质细胞或神经元中未检测到免疫和病毒抗原。除2例水痘-带状疱疹病毒相关性脑炎中II类抗原表达增加外，正常对照病例以及死于其他神经系统疾病患者的脑切片均未被任何抗体标记。这些发现支持间接免疫介导机制可能在HIV脑炎发病机制中起重要作用的观点。
