Craig Brian N, Congleton Jerome J, Kerk Carter J, Amendola Alfred A, Gaines William G, Jenkins Omer C
Department of Industrial Engineering, Lamar University, 2208 Cherry Engineering Building, P.O. Box 10032, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA.
AIHA J (Fairfax, Va). 2003 May-Jun;64(3):376-87. doi: 10.1080/15428110308984830.
Twenty-one occupationally related risk factors were measured and prospectively evaluated for statistically significant relationships with occupational injury/illness in 442 manual material handlers, working for three different companies, at nine U.S. locations, and encompassing 15 different job descriptions. OSHA 200 logs were used to ascertain evidence of occupational injury/illness (dichotomous) within this population for 1 year after the testing and measurement were completed. The present study demonstrated evidence of a subset of critical variables significantly related to occupational injury/illness occurrence through the significantly related occupational risk factors presented in the univariate and multivariate models. Higher occurrences of injury/illness were significantly associated with nine risk factors in the univariate model, with odds ratios ranging from 1.11-2.27. The significantly (p<0.05) related risk factors in the univariate model were lifting frequency; weight lifted per day; weight lifted per hour; number of trunk flexions per hour; number of trunk twists per hour; number of trunk motions per hour; number of knee flexions per hour; number of shoulder flexions per hour; and static shoulder flexion. In the multivariate analysis two risk factors were associated with occupational injury/illness. The significantly (p<0.05) related risk factors in the multivariate model were lifting frequency (p=0.0010, odds ratio [OR]=4.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]=[2.38-8.40], and average weight of lift (p=0.0001, OR=1.71, 95% CI=[1.29-2.25]).
对442名从事体力搬运工作的员工进行了21种与职业相关的风险因素测量，并对其与职业伤害/疾病的统计显著关系进行了前瞻性评估。这些员工就职于美国9个地点的3家不同公司，涵盖15种不同的工作描述。在测试和测量完成后的1年时间里，使用职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）的200号记录表来确定该人群中职业伤害/疾病（二分法）的证据。本研究通过单变量和多变量模型中呈现的与职业风险因素显著相关的情况，证明了一组关键变量与职业伤害/疾病发生之间存在显著关系。在单变量模型中，伤害/疾病的较高发生率与9个风险因素显著相关，优势比范围为1.11 - 2.27。单变量模型中显著（p<0.05）相关的风险因素包括：搬运频率；每日搬运重量；每小时搬运重量；每小时躯干弯曲次数；每小时躯干扭转次数；每小时躯干活动次数；每小时膝盖弯曲次数；每小时肩部弯曲次数；以及静态肩部弯曲。在多变量分析中，有两个风险因素与职业伤害/疾病相关。多变量模型中显著（p<0.05）相关的风险因素是搬运频率（p = 0.0010，优势比[OR] = 4.47，95%置信区间[CI] = [2.38 - 8.40]）和平均搬运重量（p = 0.0001，OR = 1.71，95% CI = [1.29 - 2.25]）。
