Yan Chang-Jie, Liang Guo-Hua, Gu Shi-Liang, Yi Chuan-Deng, Lu Ju-Fei, Li Xin, Tang Shu-Zhu, Gu Ming-Hong
Dept. of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 2003 Mar;30(3):267-76.
To explore the genes differentiated between typical indica and japonica varieties, two typical indica/japonica varieties, Balilla (japonica) and Nantehao (NTH, indica), were selected to construct genetic populations based on the widely surveying for spikelet and pollen fertility of 90 indica/japonica F1 hybrids, which also were used as the wide compatability testers. In order to analyze the genes (QTLs) related to spikelet and pollen fertility, two reciprocal backcross populations Balilla/NTH//Balilla and Balilla/NTH//NTH were constructed and the spikelet and pollen fertility of each individuals were assessed. In both populations, two traits all appeared distorted normal distribution, but in the first population, they forwarded to low-level fertility type, the later population, forwarded to high-level fertility type relatively. The results indicated that both of male and female gametophytes of Balilla/NTH hybrids were partial sterile. Then we analyzed the SSR marker genotype of each individuals of Balilla/NTH//Balilla population containing 142 individuals, and constructed a SSR linkage map, in which, there were 108 information markers distributing on all 12 chromosomes equably, average marker distance was about 11.9 cM. Therefore the linkage map was qualified for QTL analysis. Two methods were employed to conduct QTLs analysis, i.e., single marker analysis and interval mapping. According to single marker analysis, 17 and 12 markers were found significantly responsible for spikelet and pollen fertility, respectively. And further study by means of MAPMAKER/QTL software, for spikelet fertility trait, two QTLs were detected, qSPTF1 on chromosome 1 and qSPTF6 on chromosome 6, and their additive effect were 13.501 and -16.414, respectively. According to previous studies, qSPTF6 was deduced to be the same locus as S-5. For pollen fertility, qPLLN7 on chromosome 7 and qPLLN9 on chromosome 9 were detected, and their additive effects were -12.003 and -11.012, respectively. Because the QTLs detected cannot explain completely the total variance of mapping population, other genetic factors must be existed to be responsible for spikelet and pollen partial sterility. Hence we let two random markers as putative covariates, and divide the 142 individuals into four groups according to the two marker genotypes, then the average values of spikelet and pollen fertility of each groups were calculated for two-way ANOVA (analysis of variance). The results indicated that there existed strong interaction for both spikelet fertility and pollen fertility. At a significance level of 0.005, there over 61 and 51 pairs loci interactions detected playing an important role in spikelet and pollen sterility expression, respectively. These results indicated that epistasis also was one of major genetic components controlling indica/japonica hybrid sterility.
为了探究典型籼稻和粳稻品种间的差异基因，基于对90个籼粳F1杂种的小穗和花粉育性进行广泛调查，选择了两个典型的籼/粳品种，巴利拉（粳稻）和南特豪（NTH，籼稻）来构建遗传群体，这些F1杂种也用作广亲和性测试材料。为了分析与小穗和花粉育性相关的基因（QTL），构建了两个正反交回交群体巴利拉/NTH//巴利拉和巴利拉/NTH//NTH，并对每个个体的小穗和花粉育性进行了评估。在两个群体中，两个性状均呈现偏离正态分布的情况，但在第一个群体中，它们偏向低育性类型，而在第二个群体中，则相对偏向高育性类型。结果表明，巴利拉/NTH杂种的雄配子体和雌配子体均部分不育。然后我们分析了包含142个个体的巴利拉/NTH//巴利拉群体中每个个体的SSR标记基因型，并构建了一个SSR连锁图谱，其中有108个信息标记均匀分布在所有12条染色体上，平均标记距离约为11.9 cM。因此该连锁图谱适用于QTL分析。采用了两种方法进行QTL分析，即单标记分析和区间作图。根据单标记分析，分别发现17个和12个标记对小穗和花粉育性有显著影响。通过MAPMAKER/QTL软件进一步研究发现，对于小穗育性性状，在第1染色体上检测到qSPTF1，在第6染色体上检测到qSPTF6，它们的加性效应分别为13.501和-16.414。根据以往研究，推测qSPTF6与S-5为同一基因座。对于花粉育性，在第7染色体上检测到qPLLN7，在第9染色体上检测到qPLLN9，它们的加性效应分别为-12.003和-11.
