Toledo D P, Akamine E, Nigro D, Passaglia R C T, Carvalho M H C, Fortes Z B
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
Inflamm Res. 2003 May;52(5):191-8. doi: 10.1007/s000110300071.
To study the influence of sex on the responses of microvessels to vasoactive agents in experimental diabetes.
Diabetes was induced by alloxan (40 mg/kg, iv) in male and female Wistar rats (8-10-week-old).
Using an image splitter television microscope, mesenteric arteriolar and venular diameter changes induced by topically applied vasoactive agents (histamine, bradykinin, platelet activating factor-PAF, acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, noradrenaline and angiotensin II) were examined.
Whereas the vasoconstrictor response to noradrenaline was equivalent in normal and diabetic animals, either female or male rats, an increased vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II was observed in male but not in female diabetic rats in comparison with respective controls. Similarly to that observed in males, the dilator response of microvessels to topically applied bradykinin, histamine and PAF was impaired in female diabetic rats. Whereas reversal of the impaired responses to these agents was obtained by acute treatment of diabetic animals with insulin the altered responses to angiotensin II observed in male diabetic rats were not corrected. Differently from that observed in males, impaired response of microvessels to acetylcholine but not to sodium nitroprusside was observed in female diestrous diabetic rats; acute insulin treatment corrected it.
We conclude that not all the alterations of the microvascular reactivity and the correction by insulin are gender dependent in diabetes.
研究性别对实验性糖尿病中微血管对血管活性药物反应的影响。
用四氧嘧啶（40mg/kg，静脉注射）诱导8-10周龄雄性和雌性Wistar大鼠患糖尿病。
使用图像分割电视显微镜，检测局部应用血管活性药物（组胺、缓激肽、血小板活化因子-PAF、乙酰胆碱、硝普钠、去甲肾上腺素和血管紧张素II）引起的肠系膜小动脉和小静脉直径变化。
正常和糖尿病动物（无论雄性还是雌性大鼠）对去甲肾上腺素的血管收缩反应相当，但与各自的对照组相比，雄性糖尿病大鼠对血管紧张素II的血管收缩反应增强，而雌性糖尿病大鼠则未出现这种情况。与雄性大鼠观察到的情况类似，雌性糖尿病大鼠微血管对局部应用缓激肽、组胺和PAF的舒张反应受损。用胰岛素急性治疗糖尿病动物可使对这些药物的受损反应得到逆转，但雄性糖尿病大鼠中观察到的对血管紧张素II的改变反应未得到纠正。与雄性大鼠不同，处于动情间期的雌性糖尿病大鼠微血管对乙酰胆碱的反应受损，但对硝普钠的反应未受损；急性胰岛素治疗可纠正该反应。
我们得出结论，在糖尿病中，并非所有微血管反应性的改变以及胰岛素的纠正作用都具有性别依赖性。
