Richards Marcus, Sacker Amanda
MRC National Survey of Health and Development, University College London, UK.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2003 Aug;25(5):614-24. doi: 10.1076/jcen.25.5.614.14581.
We used path analysis on data from the British 1946 birth cohort to model lifetime antecedents of cognitive reserve, represented by the NART at 53 years, and compared this model for verbal memory and psychomotor function at this age, cognitive outcomes that are sensitive to age-associated decline. We showed independent paths from childhood cognition, educational attainment and adult occupation to cognitive reserve, with that from childhood cognition the strongest, and that from adult occupation the weakest. A similar pattern was found for the verbal memory and psychomotor outcomes, although the pathways were weaker than those to the NART. The pattern was also mirrored by the paths from paternal occupation to childhood cognition, educational attainment and adult occupation, with that to childhood cognition the strongest, and that to adult occupation the weakest. The direct influence of paternal occupation on cognitive reserve was negligible, and almost entirely mediated by childhood cognitive ability and educational attainment.
我们对来自英国1946年出生队列的数据进行了路径分析，以建立认知储备的终生前因模型，该模型以53岁时的国家成人阅读测试（NART）为代表，并比较了该模型在这个年龄的言语记忆和心理运动功能，这些认知结果对与年龄相关的衰退很敏感。我们发现从童年认知、教育程度和成人职业到认知储备存在独立路径，其中童年认知的路径最强，成人职业的路径最弱。在言语记忆和心理运动结果方面也发现了类似模式，尽管这些路径比与NART相关的路径要弱。从父亲职业到童年认知、教育程度和成人职业的路径也呈现出类似模式，其中对童年认知的路径最强，对成人职业的路径最弱。父亲职业对认知储备的直接影响可以忽略不计，几乎完全由童年认知能力和教育程度介导。
