[Postpartum reclassification in women with gestational diabetes and analyzing the high risk factors associated with them].

OBJECTIVE

To follow up the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at 2 month after birth for reclassifying and analyzing the risk factors associated with the abnormal blood glucose level.

METHODS

294 cases of GDM underwent a 2 hours 75 g OGTT two months postpartum. According to the WHO diagnostic criteria, they were divided into three groups: (1) type 2 diabetic mellitus (DM), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and normal. The related factors during pregnancy were analysed.

RESULTS

160 cases (54.4%) were normal, 75 cases (25.5%) and 59 cases (20.1%) were IGT and DM respectively. (2) In the DM group, the gestational age at diagnosis was much earlier than those of the other two groups (P < 0.01), the glucose level of 50 gram glucose challenge test (GCT) and fasting blood glucose values in OGTT and the value of HbAlc at diagnosis were evidently higher than the other two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01), the gestational age of use of insulin for treatment was earlier than normal group, the dosage used markedly greater than the other two groups, the fasting blood glucose and 2 hours postprandial glucose were significantly higher than other two groups (P < 0.01) within 7 days after birth. Maternal age, body weight and family history did not show difference in the three groups.

CONCLUSION

Among the GDM, about 1/4 were IGT and 1/5 were type 2 DM. The DM group showed early diagnosis, high fasting blood glucose, high frequency to use insulin during pregnancy.