Vinson Daniel C, Borges Guilherme, Cherpitel Cheryl J
Department of Family and Community Medicine, M231 Health Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 2003 May;64(3):350-7. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2003.64.350.
Alcohol is associated with intentional injury, but most studies have operationalized it as alcoholism and have not examined acute exposure. The study aimed to clarify the relative contributions of drinking over a few hours and of alcohol use disorders to the risk of intentional injury inflicted by another person.
The study used a case-control design with two control groups: (1) Community controls matched to cases, and (2) the cases themselves, comparing consumption on the day of injury with consumption on previous days, in a case-crossover comparison. Cases were patients with an acute injury presenting to any of the three emergency departments in one county; 102 had an intentional injury. Community controls (N = 1,856) were recruited by random-digit dialing. Recent alcohol consumption was recorded in self-reported standard drinks. Current alcohol use disorders were defined using DMS-IV criteria.
In the case-control analysis, drinking in a 6-hour window was associated with risk of intentional injury (odds ratio [OR] = 10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.7-22). In case-cross-over comparison of the cases' own drinking in the 6 hours prior to injury with their own drinking the day before, the OR was 34 (95% CI: 4.7-250). In case-control analyses, alcohol dependence was associated with intentional injury (OR = 6.0, 95% CI: 3.5-10), but alcohol abuse was not (OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.4-1.3).
Drinking over a few hours is strongly associated with intentional injury. Current alcohol dependence is also, but with a lower OR. The findings may have implications for efforts to prevent intentional injury.
酒精与故意伤害有关，但大多数研究将其定义为酒精中毒，且未考察急性酒精暴露情况。本研究旨在阐明数小时内饮酒及酒精使用障碍对他人造成故意伤害风险的相对影响。
本研究采用病例对照设计，设有两个对照组：（1）与病例匹配的社区对照组；（2）病例自身，通过病例交叉比较，将受伤当天的饮酒量与前几天的饮酒量进行对比。病例为在某县三个急诊科之一就诊的急性损伤患者；其中102例为故意伤害。通过随机数字拨号招募社区对照组（N = 1856）。近期饮酒量通过自我报告的标准饮酒单位记录。当前酒精使用障碍根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DMS-IV）标准定义。
在病例对照分析中，6小时内饮酒与故意伤害风险相关（比值比[OR] = 10，95%置信区间[CI]：4.7 - 22）。在病例交叉比较中，将病例受伤前6小时内的饮酒量与其前一天的饮酒量进行对比，OR为34（95% CI：4.7 - 250）。在病例对照分析中，酒精依赖与故意伤害相关（OR = 6.0，95% CI：3.5 - 10），但酒精滥用则不然（OR = 0.7，95% CI：0.4 - 1.3）。
数小时内饮酒与故意伤害密切相关。当前酒精依赖也与之相关，但比值比更低。这些发现可能对预防故意伤害的努力具有启示意义。
