Stephens Mark B, Harrison Jeffrey J, Wilson Cindy, Ringler Robert L, Robinson Chris
Department of Family Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Fam Med. 2003 Jun;35(6):404-7.
It is not known whether parental activity levels influence children's physical fitness. Members of the military are required to maintain standards of physical fitness, whereas the civilian population is not. We conducted this study to compare fitness levels of children in military and civilian families.
This was a prospective cohort study of third-grade students from two public schools in San Diego County, Calif. Attendees of one school included children of enlisted service personnel. Attendees of the other school included officers' children. Civilian students attended both schools. Students' physical fitness was tested with several standard instruments, including time on a 1-mile run. Independent variables included whether students had civilian or military parents, television viewing habits, and parental military status (enlisted personnel versus officer) as a surrogate marker for socioeconomic status.
A total of 170 of 246 (70%) eligible students completed the study. Children of military parents had lower scores on the mile run and lower scores on other measures of fitness than did children of civilian parents. Socioeconomic status (ie, child of officer versus enlisted personnel) was the strongest predictor of poor fitness, with children of enlisted service members scoring lower on all measures of physical fitness than officers' children. More television viewing was associated with lower levels of fitness.
Children of military parents did not have a higher fitness level than children of civilian parents. Lower socioeconomic status and more television viewing are associated with lower levels of fitness.
尚不清楚父母的活动水平是否会影响孩子的身体健康。军人需要维持身体健康标准，而普通民众则无需如此。我们开展这项研究以比较军人家庭和普通家庭中孩子的健康水平。
这是一项对加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥县两所公立学校三年级学生进行的前瞻性队列研究。其中一所学校的学生包括现役军人的子女。另一所学校的学生包括军官的子女。两所学校都有普通家庭的学生。使用多种标准器械对学生的身体健康进行测试，包括1英里跑的用时。自变量包括学生的父母是普通民众还是军人、看电视习惯以及父母的军人身份（现役军人与军官），以此作为社会经济地位的替代指标。
246名符合条件的学生中有170名（70%）完成了研究。军人家庭的孩子在1英里跑以及其他健康指标上的得分低于普通家庭的孩子。社会经济地位（即军官子女与现役军人子女）是健康状况不佳的最强预测因素，现役军人的子女在所有身体健康指标上的得分均低于军官的子女。看电视时间越长，健康水平越低。
军人家庭的孩子健康水平并不高于普通家庭的孩子。社会经济地位较低以及看电视时间较长与较低的健康水平相关。
