Zelenin Pavel V, Grillner Sten, Orlovsky Grigori N, Deliagina Tatiana G
The Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Exp Biol. 2003 Aug;206(Pt 15):2557-66. doi: 10.1242/jeb.00451.
The lamprey swims by caudally directed lateral undulations of its body. During swimming the animal is oriented with its dorsal side up, and any deviation from this posture (roll tilt) elicits a corrective motor response aimed at restoring the normal orientation. Video recording was used to study the kinematic pattern of the response to a 90 degrees roll tilt imposed in the intact lamprey. The corrective responses were associated with specific modifications of the swimming movements. The plane of locomotor undulations deviated from the normal, i.e. frontal plane in one direction at the beginning of the rotation and in the opposite direction at its end. A similar motor pattern was also observed in the anterior part of the body of lampreys in which the spinal cord had been transected in the mid-body area, when performing postural corrections. It could also be observed during roll turns performed by lampreys after a rostral hemisection of the spinal cord. We argue that these modifications of the locomotor pattern generate the moments of force necessary for initiation and termination of the corrective roll turn. Possible neuronal mechanisms causing the corrective movements are discussed.
七鳃鳗通过其身体尾部定向的侧向波动来游动。在游动过程中，动物的背部朝上，任何偏离这种姿势（翻滚倾斜）都会引发旨在恢复正常定向的纠正性运动反应。使用视频记录来研究完整七鳃鳗对90度翻滚倾斜的反应的运动模式。纠正性反应与游泳运动的特定改变有关。运动波动平面偏离正常，即在旋转开始时朝一个方向偏离额平面，在旋转结束时朝相反方向偏离。在脊髓在身体中部区域被横断的七鳃鳗身体前部进行姿势纠正时，也观察到了类似的运动模式。在脊髓进行吻侧半横切后的七鳃鳗进行翻滚转弯时也能观察到。我们认为，这些运动模式的改变产生了启动和终止纠正性翻滚转弯所需的力矩。讨论了导致纠正性运动的可能神经元机制。
