Schmidt W D
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2003 May;110(5):210-2.
The expert group of the German Veterinary Chamber has established a frame-work of basic knowledge for education and examination of normal dog owners together with other groups. The most important topics of the theoretical part are: Ethology (social-behaviour, communication dog-human and dog-dog, education, dog-training, learning, psychology, fear, aggression), keeping and caring (prevention, first aid, handling), nutrition and health (diets, vaccination, parasites, diseases), breeding (sexual differences, knowledge about dog-breeds and their needs), dogs in public and family (laws, interaction, obedience, control. The practical part concentrates on the ability of the owner to influence and control his dog, practical handling and the dogs' obedience. Minimum age of owners is 18 years, the dog should be between 18 and 24 months old. The owner has to pass the theoretical exam only once in his/her life, the practical-part has to be repeated with every new dog older than 18 months.
德国兽医协会专家组与其他团体共同为普通犬主的教育和考核建立了一个基础知识框架。理论部分最重要的主题包括：动物行为学（社会行为、犬与人及犬与犬之间的交流、教育、犬训练、学习、心理学、恐惧、攻击行为）、饲养与护理（预防、急救、处理）、营养与健康（饮食、疫苗接种、寄生虫、疾病）、繁殖（性别差异、犬种知识及其需求）、犬在公共场合及家庭中的情况（法律、互动、服从、管控）。实践部分着重考察犬主影响和控制其犬只的能力、实际操作及犬的服从性。犬主最低年龄为18岁，犬的年龄应在18至24个月之间。犬主一生中只需通过一次理论考试，而对于每只18个月以上的新犬，实践部分都需重新考核。
