Ahmetagic Sead, Jusufovic Ekrem, Petrovic Jasminka, Stojic Vildana, Delibegovic Zineta
Infectious Diseases Clinic, University Clinical Center Tuzla.
Med Arh. 2003;57(2):87-92.
Acute infectious diarrhea is a global health problem especially in infants and children, and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The ethiology of acute infectious diarrhea and also biochemical, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children dying with infectious diarrhea are investigated in this study.
201 children, aged from 6 months to 14 years, with acute infectious diarrhea admitted to the Infectious Diseases Clinic in Tuzla in the period from 21st December 1999 to 21st December 2000 were included in the study.
Enteropathogens were identified in stool samples in 103 (51.3%) of 201 examined children. Viruses were identified in 51 (25.4%) cases, bacteria in 44 (21.9%), fungi in 3 (1.5%), and parasites in 2 (1%). Rotavirus, a frequent pathogen, was detected in 48 cases (23.9%), followed by Salmonella species in 20 (10%), EPEC in 10 (4.9%), and Shigella species in 9 (4.5%) cases. In this study the authors noticed that the highest morbidity was recorded in children in the first 2 years of life (70.5%), and among rural community (68.4%). The detection of rotavirus decreased with increasing age of cases and peaked in winter and autumn. Blood in stool was most common in children with shigellosis (22.2%).
High percentage of infants and children dying with acute infectious diarrhea presents a serious socio-economic and medical problem in Tuzla region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Rotavirus is the single most common pathogen in children with infectious diarrhea.
急性感染性腹泻是一个全球性的健康问题，尤其在婴幼儿和儿童中，是发病和死亡的主要原因。本研究调查了急性感染性腹泻的病因以及感染性腹泻死亡儿童的生化、流行病学和临床特征。
纳入1999年12月21日至2000年12月21日期间在图兹拉传染病诊所收治的201名6个月至14岁的急性感染性腹泻儿童。
在201名接受检查的儿童中，103名（51.3%）粪便样本中检出肠道病原体。其中，病毒检出51例（25.4%），细菌44例（21.9%），真菌3例（1.5%），寄生虫2例（1%）。常见病原体轮状病毒检出48例（23.9%），其次是沙门氏菌属20例（10%），肠致病性大肠埃希菌10例（4.9%），志贺菌属9例（4.5%）。作者在本研究中注意到，1至2岁儿童发病率最高（70.5%），农村社区发病率最高（68.4%）。轮状病毒检出率随病例年龄增长而降低，在冬季和秋季达到峰值。志贺菌病患儿粪便带血最为常见（22.2%）。
在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那图兹拉地区，急性感染性腹泻死亡的婴幼儿比例很高，这是一个严重的社会经济和医学问题。轮状病毒是感染性腹泻儿童中最常见的单一病原体。
