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医用大麻:未成年人应享有与成年人相同的权利吗?

Medical marijuana: should minors have the same rights as adults?

作者信息

Clark Peter A

机构信息

Jesuit Community St. Joseph's University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

出版信息

Med Sci Monit. 2003 Jun;9(6):ET1-9.

Abstract

After reviewing the pertinent scientific data, it is clear that there is more than sufficient medical and ethical evidence to warrant the Bush Administration to authorize the Drug Enforcement Agency to reclassify marijuana as a Schedule II drug so that it can be used for medical purposes. Failure to give an effective therapy to seriously ill patients, either adults or children, violates the core principles of both medicine and ethics. Medically, to deny physicians the right to prescribe to their patients a therapy that relieves pain and suffering violates the physician-patient relationship. Ethically, failure to offer an available therapy that has proven to be effective violates the basic ethical principle of nonmaleficence, which prohibits the infliction of harm, injury, or death and is related to the maxim primum non nocere ('above all, or first, do no harm'), which is widely used to describe the duties of a physician. Therefore, in the patient's best interest, patients and parents/surrogates, have the right to request medical marijuana under certain circumstances and physicians have the duty to disclose medical marijuana as an option and prescribe it when appropriate. The right to an effective medical therapy, whose benefits clearly outweigh the burdens, must be available to all patients including children. To deny children the use of medical marijuana when appropriate is a grave injustice which violates the basic foundational beliefs of both medicine and

摘要

在审查了相关科学数据后,很明显,有足够多的医学和伦理证据足以使布什政府授权缉毒局将大麻重新归类为附表二药物,以便其可用于医疗目的。不给重症患者(无论是成人还是儿童)提供有效治疗,违背了医学和伦理的核心原则。在医学上,剥夺医生为患者开缓解疼痛和痛苦的治疗方法的权利,破坏了医患关系。在伦理上,不提供已被证明有效的现有治疗方法,违背了不伤害这一基本伦理原则,该原则禁止造成伤害、损伤或死亡,它与格言“首要的是不伤害”相关,这句格言被广泛用于描述医生的职责。因此,为了患者的最大利益,患者及其父母/代理人在某些情况下有权要求使用医用大麻,医生有义务将医用大麻作为一种选择告知患者,并在适当的时候开具。必须让包括儿童在内的所有患者都能获得有效医疗治疗的权利,这种治疗的益处明显大于负担。在适当的时候剥夺儿童使用医用大麻的权利是一种严重的不公正行为,它违背了医学和……的基本基础信念

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