Ceballos Martínez Z I, González Mercado E, Jiménez Grandes I, Peralta Bahena M E, Tah Arias W F
Hospital de Gineco-Pediatría núm. 7, IMSS, Avenida López Portillo con libramiento Kabah s/n, región 92, Municipio de Benito Juárez, Cancún, Quintana Roo.
Rev Alerg Mex. 2003 Mar-Apr;50(2):43-7.
Asthma is one of the most common breathing pathologies in the pediatric population that causes many consults to the emergency service, generating a high cost for the services of health.
To determine the direct cost of the treatment in the pediatric patients with acute crisis of asthma in the emergency service from 1998 to 2001 in a hospital of second level of medical attention of the health sector.
A retrospective cohort study was done in the emergency service of pediatrics patients with ages from 12 months to 18 years 11 months, who visited the service during the period of study. To calculate the total cost that these patients generated, the unitary price of medications, nebulize, oxygen, consults and hospitalization in the emergency service were determine.
A total of 106,813 consultations was provided from 1998 to 2001 in emergency service, 26,387 were hospitalized and of these, 9,328, with diagnosis of asthma, required handling with inhalotherapy. The total direct cost in the period of study was of $17,620,517.83, nebulize: $213,292.60, oxygen: $788,287.57, steroids: $253,619.70, aminophylline: $152,589.00, medical attention: $3,232,360.38, hospitalization in the emergency service: $12,980,468.58.
The results indicate that the biggest costs were generated by the oxygen consume and the hospitalizations. Asthma generates an important demand in emergency services, thus it is necessary to improve alternatives in the control and education of patients, in order to reduce the number of events, severity of the crises and to improve the quality of the patients' life and their families.
哮喘是儿科人群中最常见的呼吸疾病之一，导致许多患者前往急诊服务部门就诊，给医疗服务带来高昂成本。
确定1998年至2001年期间，在卫生部门二级医疗护理医院的急诊服务中，儿科急性哮喘发作患者的治疗直接成本。
对年龄在12个月至18岁11个月之间、在研究期间前往该急诊服务部门就诊的儿科患者进行回顾性队列研究。为计算这些患者产生的总成本，确定了急诊服务中药物、雾化、氧气、会诊和住院的单价。
1998年至2001年期间，急诊服务部门共提供了106,813次会诊，其中26,387人住院，其中9,328人被诊断为哮喘，需要进行吸入疗法治疗。研究期间的总直接成本为17,620,517.83美元，雾化：213,292.60美元，氧气：788,287.57美元，类固醇：253,619.70美元，氨茶碱：152,589.00美元，医疗护理：3,232,360.38美元，急诊服务住院：12,980,468.58美元。
结果表明，最大的成本来自氧气消耗和住院治疗。哮喘在急诊服务中产生了重要需求，因此有必要改善患者管理和教育的替代方案，以减少发病次数、危机严重程度，并提高患者及其家庭的生活质量。
