Peintner Ursula, Moser Meinhard M, Thomas K Agretious, Manimohan P
Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Mycol Res. 2003 Apr;107(Pt 4):485-94. doi: 10.1017/s0953756203007585.
Three new Cortinarius species, Cortinarius conopileus, C. keralensis, and C. phlegmophorus spp. nov., are described from Kerala State in southern India. This is the first record of ectomycorrhizal Cortinarius spp. in the tropical part of India. In addition to distinct morphological characters, the comparative analysis of rDNA ITS sequences of the collections from India and morphologically similar species support the recognition of these taxa as new species. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that the three Indian Cortinarius spp. belong to both larger subclades of the genus Cortinarius, clade/cortinarius and clade/telamonia. As supported by morphological and molecular data, C. phlegmophorus belongs to Cortinarius subgen. Myxacium sect. Defibulati. Based on classical morphological characters, both C. keralensis and C. conopileus are representatives of subgen. Telamonia. However, C. conopileus belongs to clade/obtusi, which is a well-supported subclade of clade/cortinarius. Thus, in contrast to classical taxonomy, the clade/obtusi represents an independent evolutionary origin of telamonioid taxa. This result is also reflected by the distinct morphological characters of taxa of clade/obtusi, namely the lamellar trama with ellipsoid inflated hyphae and the presence of cystidia. In contrast, C. keralensis is a typical member of clade/telamonia. Within/telamonia, only relationships of closely related taxa are resolved due to the low genetic divergence found in ITS sequences. Based on morphological and molecular criteria, C. keralensis is a distinct taxon of sect. Saturnini.
本文描述了来自印度南部喀拉拉邦的三个丝膜菌新物种，即锥盖丝膜菌（Cortinarius conopileus）、喀拉拉丝膜菌（C. keralensis）和痰生丝膜菌（C. phlegmophorus）。这是印度热带地区外生菌根丝膜菌属物种的首次记录。除了明显的形态特征外，对来自印度的样本与形态相似物种的核糖体DNA内转录间隔区（rDNA ITS）序列进行比较分析，支持将这些分类单元认定为新物种。系统发育分析表明，这三个印度丝膜菌物种属于丝膜菌属的两个较大分支，即丝膜菌分支/丝膜菌属（clade/cortinarius）和丝膜菌分支/特拉莫尼亚属（clade/telamonia）。形态学和分子数据支持痰生丝膜菌属于丝膜菌亚属Myxacium组Defibulati。基于经典形态特征，喀拉拉丝膜菌和锥盖丝膜菌均为Telamonia亚属的代表。然而，锥盖丝膜菌属于obtusi分支，这是丝膜菌分支/丝膜菌属中一个得到充分支持的亚分支。因此，与经典分类法不同，obtusi分支代表了特拉莫尼亚类群的一个独立进化起源。这一结果也体现在obtusi分支类群独特的形态特征上，即具有椭圆形膨大菌丝的菌褶髓部以及囊状体的存在。相比之下，喀拉拉丝膜菌是丝膜菌分支/特拉莫尼亚属的典型成员。在特拉莫尼亚属内，由于ITS序列中发现的低遗传差异，仅解决了密切相关分类单元之间的关系。基于形态学和分子标准，喀拉拉丝膜菌是Saturnini组的一个独特分类单元。
