Mitrofanov I G, Zuber M T, Litvak M L, Boynton W V, Smith D E, Drake D, Hamara D, Kozyrev A S, Sanin A B, Shinohara C, Saunders R S, Tretyakov V
Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
Science. 2003 Jun 27;300(5628):2081-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1084350.
Observations of seasonal variations of neutron flux from the high-energy neutron detector (HEND) on Mars Odyssey combined with direct measurements of the thickness of condensed carbon dioxide by the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) on Mars Global Surveyor show a latitudinal dependence of northern winter deposition of carbon dioxide. The observations are also consistent with a shallow substrate consisting of a layer with water ice overlain by a layer of drier soil. The lower ice-rich layer contains between 50 and 75 weight % water, indicating that the shallow subsurface at northern polar latitudes on Mars is even more water rich than that in the south.
对火星奥德赛号上高能中子探测器（HEND）的中子通量季节性变化的观测，结合火星全球勘测者号上的火星轨道激光高度计（MOLA）对固态二氧化碳厚度的直接测量，显示出二氧化碳在北半球冬季沉积的纬度依赖性。这些观测结果也与一个浅层基质相符，该基质由一层水冰覆盖着一层较干燥的土壤组成。下层富含冰的层含有50%至75%（重量）的水，这表明火星北极纬度地区的浅层地下比南极地区含水量更高。
