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澳大利亚亚热带地区通过三级处理和人工湿地去除内分泌干扰物

Removal of endocrine disruptors by tertiary treatments and constructed wetlands in subtropical Australia.

作者信息

Chapman H

机构信息

School of Environmental Engineering, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.

出版信息

Water Sci Technol. 2003;47(9):151-6.

Abstract

The controversial topic of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) in aquatic environments is of international and Australian significance with the need for sustainable management of water resources increasing. The issues have been highlighted on the major continents of Europe and North America but so far have received less attention in Australia. A major source of these compounds has been identified as sewage effluent, which is treated prior to release to the environment with a primary focus on pathogen and nutrient removal. Sewage effluent is a complex mixture, which can contain many organic and inorganic compounds some of which may remain after treatment processes. More recently, technologies such as ozonation, UV treatment and advanced filtration have improved the quality of effluent discharged to the environment but there are still unresolved issues relating to poorly understood chemistries relating to EDCs in effluent discharges and the possible impacts in aquatic environments and to human health. This paper reports on an investigation of the removal from sewage effluent of selected chemicals that are known or suspected environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) by sand filtration, ozonation and UV treatment at the Landeborough Water Reclamation Plant in Queensland, Australia. Compounds detected in the raw effluent included pesticides, herbicides, some heavy metals and the human hormones 17beta estradiol and estrone. Most of these ware removed by the advanced treatments at the water reclamation plant, with only trace concentrations of some compounds present in the final effluent. Removal of toxicants by a free water surface wetland is also reported on. Some of the constraints of direct chemical measurements are discussed and some solutions proposed.

摘要

水生环境中内分泌干扰化学物质(EDC)这一颇具争议的话题具有国际和澳大利亚层面的重要意义,因为水资源可持续管理的需求日益增加。这些问题在欧洲和北美各大洲已受到关注,但迄今为止在澳大利亚受到的关注较少。已确定这些化合物的一个主要来源是污水排放,污水在排放到环境之前会进行处理,主要侧重于去除病原体和营养物质。污水是一种复杂的混合物,可能含有许多有机和无机化合物,其中一些在处理过程后可能残留下来。最近,诸如臭氧化、紫外线处理和深度过滤等技术提高了排放到环境中的污水质量,但仍存在一些未解决的问题,涉及对污水排放中与EDC相关的化学性质了解不足,以及对水生环境和人类健康可能产生的影响。本文报告了在澳大利亚昆士兰州兰代伯勒水回收厂通过砂滤、臭氧化和紫外线处理从污水中去除已知或疑似环境内分泌干扰物(EED)的选定化学物质的调查情况。原污水中检测到的化合物包括农药、除草剂、一些重金属以及人类激素17β - 雌二醇和雌酮。水回收厂的深度处理去除了这些物质中的大部分,最终排放水中仅存在痕量浓度的一些化合物。还报告了通过自由水面湿地去除有毒物质的情况。讨论了直接化学测量的一些限制并提出了一些解决方案。

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