Hagelthorn Kathleen M, Hiemenz Jennifer R, Pillion Joseph P, Mahone E Mark
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 2003 Jun;96(3 Pt 1):975-89. doi: 10.2466/pms.2003.96.3.975.
66 children (M=56.2 mo., SD=10.9), recruited from preschool and daycare centers, were administered two continuous performance tests, one auditory and one visual. Both tests utilized a format with one target and one nontarget. Interstimulus interval was fixed at 1350 msec. for the visual test and 5000 msec. for the auditory test. The visual test produced greater rates of omission and commission errors than the auditory test. Age was significantly related to mean reaction time and response variability for both tests; however, the visual test produced an unexpected pattern of increasing response time across age groups. On both tests omission rates improved significantly with age, while commission rates were consistent across ages 3-6 years. When considering continuous performance test paradigms for preschoolers, 3-yr.-olds may need at least a 4000-msec. interstimulus interval to make a choice for the stimulus cue. Hits following an interstimulus interval shorter than 1400 msec. may reflect younger preschoolers' response to a previous stimulus.
从幼儿园和日托中心招募了66名儿童（平均年龄56.2个月，标准差10.9），对他们进行了两项持续性操作测试，一项是听觉测试，一项是视觉测试。两项测试都采用了一个目标和一个非目标的形式。视觉测试的刺激间隔固定为1350毫秒，听觉测试的刺激间隔固定为5000毫秒。视觉测试产生的遗漏错误率和 commission 错误率高于听觉测试。年龄与两项测试的平均反应时间和反应变异性显著相关；然而，视觉测试在各年龄组中产生了意外的反应时间增加模式。在两项测试中，遗漏率都随着年龄的增长而显著提高，而 commission 率在3至6岁年龄段保持一致。在考虑为学龄前儿童采用持续性操作测试范式时，3岁儿童可能至少需要4000毫秒的刺激间隔来对刺激线索做出选择。刺激间隔短于1400毫秒后的命中可能反映了较小的学龄前儿童对先前刺激的反应。 （注：文中“commission”暂未准确对应合适中文词汇，保留英文）
