Bollwein Heinrich, Sowade Cornelia, Stolla R
Gynäkologische und Ambulatorische Tierklinik der Universität München, Königinstr. 12, 80539 München, Germany.
Theriogenology. 2003 Sep 1;60(4):607-16. doi: 10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00084-0.
Transrectal color Doppler sonography was used to evaluate the effect of intrauterine infusion of skim milk semen extender, seminal plasma and raw semen on the endometrium and blood flow in the uterine and ovarian arteries in mares. Six Trotter mares (mean age: 12 years) were examined during estrus in three cycles. Each mare received an intrauterine infusion of 20 ml of skim milk semen extender, seminal plasma or raw semen during estrus in one of three cycles. Blood flow measurements in both uterine and ovarian arteries and the determination of intrauterine fluid via sonography were performed before each infusion and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after infusion. Forty-eight hours later, the intrauterine infusion and measurements were repeated using the same time intervals. Changes in blood flow were detected using transrectal color Doppler sonography and were evaluated using the mean time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMV) of the blood flow. Cytological and bacteriological examination of uterine swabs performed 48 h after the second infusion revealed less inflammation and bacterial growth in mares infused with skim milk semen extender than in those infused with seminal plasma or raw semen. There was an increase in intrauterine fluid as early as 1 h after infusion of any of the substances. The infusion of skim milk semen extender had no effect on uterine blood flow. Within 1 h after infusion of seminal plasma or raw semen, there was an increase in the TAMV values of both uterine arteries (P<0.05). In contrast, ovarian blood flow increased only in the artery ipsilateral to the preovulatory follicle and only after the infusion of raw semen (P<0.05). In conclusion, the changes in uterine perfusion observed after intrauterine infusion may be associated with endometrial inflammation and vasodilatory components in the seminal plasma, whereas the changes seen in ovarian blood flow are possibly attributable to the interaction between sperm and oviduct.
经直肠彩色多普勒超声检查用于评估向母马子宫内注入脱脂乳精液稀释剂、精浆和原精液对子宫内膜以及子宫和卵巢动脉血流的影响。在三个发情周期中对6匹 Trotter 母马（平均年龄：12岁）进行了检查。每匹母马在三个周期中的一个发情期接受20毫升脱脂乳精液稀释剂、精浆或原精液的子宫内注入。在每次注入前以及注入后1、3、6、12和24小时，对子宫和卵巢动脉的血流进行测量，并通过超声检查确定子宫内液体情况。48小时后，以相同的时间间隔重复子宫内注入和测量。使用经直肠彩色多普勒超声检查检测血流变化，并使用血流的平均时间平均最大速度（TAMV）进行评估。第二次注入后48小时进行的子宫拭子细胞学和细菌学检查显示，注入脱脂乳精液稀释剂的母马比注入精浆或原精液的母马炎症和细菌生长更少。在注入任何一种物质后1小时，子宫内液体就开始增加。注入脱脂乳精液稀释剂对子宫血流没有影响。在注入精浆或原精液后1小时内，两条子宫动脉的TAMV值均升高（P<0.05）。相比之下，卵巢血流仅在排卵前卵泡同侧的动脉中增加，且仅在注入原精液后增加（P<0.05）。总之，子宫内注入后观察到的子宫灌注变化可能与子宫内膜炎症和精浆中的血管舒张成分有关，而卵巢血流的变化可能归因于精子与输卵管之间的相互作用。
