Samman Samir, Sivarajah Gayathri, Man June C, Ahmad Ziaul I, Petocz Peter, Caterson Ian D
Human Nutrition Unit, School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
J Nutr. 2003 Jul;133(7):2188-93. doi: 10.1093/jn/133.7.2188.
Fruit and vegetable consumption is inversely associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of supplementation with dehydrated juice concentrates from mixed fruit and vegetables on selected plasma vitamins and antioxidant status. We assessed CHD risk by measuring the concentrations of homocysteine, lipids, lipoproteins, glucose and insulin. Men were recruited to participate in a randomized double-blind, crossover trial with 2 periods of 6 wk, separated by a 3-wk wash-out period. Supplementation with the encapsulated mixed extract (Juice Plus) was compared with physically similar placebo capsules. Thirty-two men (13 smokers, 19 nonsmokers) completed the study with a mean compliance of 88%. Compared with placebo, supplementation increased the concentrations of plasma beta-carotene (0.24 +/- 0.15 vs. 1.12 +/- 0.70 micro mol/L; mean +/- SD; P < 0.0001), retinol (1.87 +/- 0.33 vs. 2.00 +/- 0.43 micro mol/L; P < 0.05), alpha-tocopherol (16.8 +/- 7.3 vs. 19.3 +/- 6.8 micro mol/L; P < 0.01), ascorbic acid (72.1 +/- 19.4 vs. 84.1 +/- 13.5 micro mol/L; P < 0.002) and folic acid (24.5 +/- 10.0 vs. 44.9 +/- 16.9 nmol/L; P < 0.0001). Plasma homocysteine was reduced (8.2 +/- 1.5 vs. 7.6 +/- 1.1; P < 0.05) and inversely related (r = -0.40, P < 0.001) with serum folate concentrations. Plasma vitamin C was positively correlated with the resistance of LDL to oxidation (r = 0.26, P < 0.05) and the plasma ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) tended to be greater after supplementation than after the placebo period (1125.5 +/- 144.1 vs. 1180.3 +/- 158.1 micro mol/L; P < 0.065). Plasma glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations were unaffected. Responses of smokers and nonsmokers did not differ. In the absence of dietary modification, supplementation with a fruit and vegetable concentrate produced responses consistent with a reduction in CHD risk.
水果和蔬菜的摄入量与冠心病（CHD）风险呈负相关。本研究的目的是确定补充混合水果和蔬菜的脱水浓缩汁对选定血浆维生素和抗氧化状态的影响。我们通过测量同型半胱氨酸、脂质、脂蛋白、葡萄糖和胰岛素的浓度来评估冠心病风险。招募男性参与一项随机双盲交叉试验，试验为期2个6周阶段，中间间隔3周的洗脱期。将补充封装的混合提取物（果蔬精华素）与外观相似的安慰剂胶囊进行比较。32名男性（13名吸烟者，19名非吸烟者）完成了研究，平均依从率为88%。与安慰剂相比，补充后血浆β-胡萝卜素浓度升高（0.24±0.15 vs. 1.12±0.70 μmol/L；平均值±标准差；P<0.0001），视黄醇（1.87±0.33 vs. 2.00±0.43 μmol/L；P<0.05），α-生育酚（16.8±7.3 vs. 19.3±6.8 μmol/L；P<0.01），抗坏血酸（72.1±19.4 vs. 84.1±13.5 μmol/L；P<0.002）和叶酸（24.5±10.0 vs. 44.9±16.9 nmol/L；P<0.0001）。血浆同型半胱氨酸降低（8.2±1.5 vs. 7.6±1.1；P<0.05），且与血清叶酸浓度呈负相关（r = -0.40，P<0.001）。血浆维生素C与低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的氧化抗性呈正相关（r = 0.26，P<0.05），补充后血浆铁还原/抗氧化能力（FRAP）往往高于安慰剂期（1125.5±144.1 vs. 1180.3±158.1 μmol/L；P<0.065）。血浆葡萄糖、胰岛素和脂质浓度未受影响。吸烟者和非吸烟者的反应没有差异。在未进行饮食调整的情况下，补充水果和蔬菜浓缩物产生的反应与冠心病风险降低一致。
