Food (salt) Safety Research Center, Semnan, Iran.
Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan, Iran.
Adv Nutr. 2018 Nov 1;9(6):701-716. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy040.
The associations of various dietary or circulating antioxidants with the risk of all-cause mortality in the general population have not been established yet. A systematic search was performed in PubMed and Scopus, from their inception up to October 2017. Prospective observational studies reporting risk estimates of all-cause mortality in relation to dietary intake and/or circulating concentrations of antioxidants were included. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Forty-one prospective observational studies (total n = 507,251) involving 73,965 cases of all-cause mortality were included. The RRs of all-cause mortality for the highest compared with the lowest category of circulating antioxidant concentrations were as follows: total carotenes, 0.60 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.74); vitamin C, 0.61 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.69); selenium, 0.62 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.79); β-carotene, 0.63 (95% CI: 0.57, 0.70); α-carotene, 0.68 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.78); total carotenoids, 0.68 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.80); lycopene, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.97); and α-tocopherol, 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.91). The RRs for dietary intakes were: total carotenoids, 0.76 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.85); total antioxidant capacity, 0.77 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.81); selenium, 0.79 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.85); α-carotene, 0.79 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.94); β-carotene, 0.82 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.86); vitamin C, 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.94); and total carotenes, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.97). A nonsignificant inverse association was found for dietary zinc, zeaxanthin, lutein, and vitamin E. The nonlinear dose-response meta-analyses demonstrated a linear inverse association in the analyses of dietary β-carotene and total antioxidant capacity, as well as in the analyses of circulating α-carotene, β-carotene, selenium, vitamin C, and total carotenoids. The association appeared to be U-shaped in the analyses of serum lycopene and dietary vitamin C. The present study indicates that adherence to a diet with high antioxidant properties may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality. Our results confirm current recommendations that promote higher intake of antioxidant-rich foods such as fruit and vegetables.
在一般人群中，各种饮食或循环抗氧化剂与全因死亡率风险之间的关联尚未确定。在 PubMed 和 Scopus 中进行了系统搜索，从它们的创建到 2017 年 10 月。纳入了报告与抗氧化剂的饮食摄入和/或循环浓度相关的全因死亡率风险估计的前瞻性观察性研究。进行了随机效应荟萃分析。纳入了 41 项前瞻性观察性研究（总计 n=507251 例），涉及 73965 例全因死亡病例。与循环抗氧化剂浓度最低组相比，最高组的全因死亡率的 RR 如下：总类胡萝卜素，0.60（95%CI：0.46，0.74）；维生素 C，0.61（95%CI：0.53，0.69）；硒，0.62（95%CI：0.45，0.79）；β-胡萝卜素，0.63（95%CI：0.57，0.70）；α-胡萝卜素，0.68（95%CI：0.58，0.78）；总类胡萝卜素，0.68（95%CI：0.56，0.80）；番茄红素，0.75（95%CI：0.54，0.97）；和α-生育酚，0.84（95%CI：0.77，0.91）。饮食摄入量的 RR 为：总类胡萝卜素，0.76（95%CI：0.66，0.85）；总抗氧化能力，0.77（95%CI：0.73，0.81）；硒，0.79（95%CI：0.73，0.85）；α-胡萝卜素，0.79（95%CI：0.63，0.94）；β-胡萝卜素，0.82（95%CI：0.77，0.86）；维生素 C，0.88（95%CI：0.83，0.94）；和总类胡萝卜素，0.89（95%CI：0.81，0.97）。饮食锌、玉米黄质、叶黄素和维生素 E 呈非显著负相关。非线性剂量反应荟萃分析表明，β-胡萝卜素和总抗氧化能力的饮食分析以及α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、硒、维生素 C 和总类胡萝卜素的循环分析中存在线性反比关系。血清番茄红素和饮食维生素 C 的分析呈 U 形关联。本研究表明，遵循富含抗氧化剂的饮食可能会降低全因死亡率的风险。我们的研究结果证实了目前促进摄入富含抗氧化剂的食物（如水果和蔬菜）的建议。
