Forcella Frank
USDA-ARS, 803 Iowa Avenue, Morris, MN 56267, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2003 Jun-Jul;59(6-7):754-63. doi: 10.1002/ps.620.
Over 125 permanent full-time scientists conduct research within the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) on issues related to weeds. The research emphasis of most of these scientists involves ecology and management or biological control of weeds. Many scientists perform research on weed biology as components of their primary projects on weed control and integrated crop and soil management. Describing all ARS projects involved with weed biology is impossible, and consequently only research that falls within the following arbitrarily chosen topics is highlighted in this article: dormancy mechanisms; cell division; diversity of rangeland weeds; soil resources and rangeland weeds; poisonous rangeland plants; horticultural weeds; weed traits limiting chemical control; aquatic and semi-aquatic weeds; weed/transgenic wheat hybrids; seedbanks, seedling emergence and seedling populations; and weed seed production. Within these topics, and others not highlighted, the desire of ARS is that good information on weed biology currently translates or eventually will translate into practical advice for those who must manage weeds.
超过125名长期全职科学家在美国农业部农业研究局（ARS）内开展与杂草相关问题的研究。这些科学家大多将研究重点放在杂草的生态学、管理或生物防治方面。许多科学家将杂草生物学研究作为其杂草控制及作物与土壤综合管理主要项目的组成部分。要描述所有与杂草生物学相关的ARS项目是不可能的，因此本文仅重点介绍以下任意选定主题范围内的研究：休眠机制；细胞分裂；牧场杂草的多样性；土壤资源与牧场杂草；有毒牧场植物；园艺杂草；限制化学防治的杂草特性；水生和半水生杂草；杂草/转基因小麦杂交种；种子库、幼苗出土及幼苗种群；以及杂草种子生产。在这些主题以及其他未重点介绍的主题范围内，ARS希望目前有关杂草生物学的良好信息能够转化为，或者最终将会转化为为那些必须管理杂草的人提供的实用建议。
