Zheng Zhongming, Obbard Jeffrey P
Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2003;10(3):173-6. doi: 10.1065/espr2002.07.126.
Indigenous soil microorganisms are used for the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in oily waste residues from the petroleum refining industry. The objective of this investigation was to determine the potential of indigenous strains of fungi in soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons to biodegrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH).
Twenty one fungal strains were isolated from a soil used for land-farming of oily waste residues from the petrochemical refining industry in Singapore and identified to genus level using laboratory culture and morphological techniques. Isolates were incubated in the presence of 30 mg/L of phenanthrene over a period of 28 days at 30 degrees C. The most effective strain was further evaluated to determine its ability to oxidise a wider range of PAH compounds of various molecular weight i.e acenaphthene, fluorene, fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(ah)anthracene
After 28 days of incubation, 18 of the 21 fungal cultures were capable of oxidising over 50% of the phenanthrene present in culture medium, relative to abiotic controls. Fungal isolate, Penicillium sp. 06, was able to oxidise 89% of the phenanthrene present. This isolate could also oxidise more than 75% of the acenaphthene, fluorene and fluoranthene after 30 days of incubation. However, the oxidation of high molecular weight PAH i.e. chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(ah)anthracene by the Penicillium sp. 06 isolate was limited, where the extent of oxidation was inversely proportional to PAH molecular weight.
Fungal isolate, Penicillium sp. 06, was effective at oxidising a range of PAH in petroleum contaminated soils, but higher molecular weight PAH were more recalcitrant.
There is potential for the re-application of this fungal strain to soil for bioremediation purposes.
本土土壤微生物可用于石油精炼行业含油废渣中石油烃的生物降解。本研究的目的是确定石油烃污染土壤中本土真菌菌株对多环芳烃（PAH）的生物降解潜力。
从新加坡用于石化精炼行业含油废渣土地耕作的土壤中分离出21株真菌菌株，并使用实验室培养和形态学技术鉴定到属水平。将分离菌株在30℃下于含有30mg/L菲的条件下培养28天。对最有效的菌株进一步评估，以确定其氧化一系列不同分子量PAH化合物（即苊、芴、荧蒽、 Chrysene、苯并[a]芘和二苯并[a,h]蒽）的能力。
培养28天后，21种真菌培养物中有18种能够氧化培养基中超过50%的菲，相对于非生物对照。真菌分离株青霉属06能够氧化89%的菲。该分离株在培养30天后也能氧化超过75%的苊、芴和荧蒽。然而，青霉属06分离株对高分子量PAH（即Chrysene、苯并[a]芘和二苯并[a,h]蒽）的氧化作用有限，氧化程度与PAH分子量成反比。
真菌分离株青霉属06能有效氧化石油污染土壤中的一系列PAH，但高分子量PAH更难降解。
该真菌菌株有重新应用于土壤进行生物修复的潜力。
