Budts Werner, Gewillig Marc, Van de Werf Frans
Division of Cardiology and Congenital Cardiology, UZ Leuven, Belgium.
Acta Cardiol. 2003 Jun;58(3):199-205. doi: 10.2143/AC.58.3.2005279.
Atrial septal defects, atrio-ventricular septal defects, ventricular septal defects and the persistent arterial duct are the most common congenital heart defects which may cause, in the presence of a significant left-to-right shunt, chronic volume overload of the heart and lead to the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Repair is indicated to avoid these complications and evolution to right-to-left shunting (Eisenmenger syndrome). Although the long-term results of surgical interventions in uncomplicated congenital heart defects were excellent, percutaneous techniques to repair the defects became a focus of attention. The persistent arterial duct, the secundum type atrial septal defect, and, more recently, the muscular and perimembranous ventricular septal defect are currently eligible for percutaneous closure. By avoiding a sternotomy or a thoracotomy, complaints of pain become exceptional and the duration of hospitalisation is shortened. Percutaneous closure is not only better tolerated than surgery, it may also imply favourable economical aspects.
房间隔缺损、房室间隔缺损、室间隔缺损和动脉导管未闭是最常见的先天性心脏病，在存在明显的左向右分流时，可能导致心脏慢性容量负荷过重，并引发肺动脉高压。为避免这些并发症以及发展为右向左分流（艾森曼格综合征），需要进行修复。虽然单纯先天性心脏病手术干预的长期效果良好，但经皮技术修复缺损成为了关注焦点。动脉导管未闭、继发孔型房间隔缺损，以及最近的肌部和膜周部室间隔缺损目前都适合经皮封堵。通过避免开胸或开胸手术，疼痛主诉变得罕见，住院时间也缩短了。经皮封堵不仅比手术耐受性更好，还可能具有有利的经济方面。
