Middeke M, Ruff S, Klüglich M
Medizinische Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Z Gesamte Inn Med. 1992 Dec;47(12):558-61.
White coat hypertension means an isolated blood pressure elevation during conventional measurement in the doctor's office, while blood pressure is in the normal range outside the office over 24 hrs. The incidence is about 20-25% of all "hypertensives" identified in the office. Patients with white coat hypertension show no increased blood pressure variability outside the office, and they do not seem to be more anxious regarding psychological testing as compared with hypertensives. The white coat effect is very specific for the situation in the doctors office. The effect is more pronounced in younger and female patients. However, also in isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly the white coat effect is present to a substantial amount. Under dynamic exercise there is no different hemodynamic response in patients with white coat hypertension as compared with normotensives. Differences are however observed with regard to posture and under isometric exercise. So far, white coat hypertension seems to be a benign and harmless condition not related to an increased cardiovascular risk, which must not be treated.
白大褂高血压是指在医生办公室常规测量时出现的孤立性血压升高，而在诊室以外的24小时内血压处于正常范围。其发病率约占诊室确诊的所有“高血压患者”的20% - 25%。白大褂高血压患者在诊室以外血压变异性并未增加，与高血压患者相比，他们在心理测试中似乎也没有更焦虑。白大褂效应在医生办公室的情境中非常具有特异性。这种效应在年轻患者和女性患者中更为明显。然而，在老年单纯收缩期高血压患者中也存在相当程度的白大褂效应。与血压正常者相比，白大褂高血压患者在动态运动时血流动力学反应并无差异。然而，在姿势和等长运动方面观察到了差异。到目前为止，白大褂高血压似乎是一种良性且无害的情况，与心血管风险增加无关，无需治疗。
